Director of National Intelligence
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| Established: | December 17, 2004 |
| Activated: | April 22, 2005 |
| Director: | John Michael McConnell |
| Principal DDNI: | Vacant[1] |
| DDNI for Acquisition: | Patrick F. Kennedy |
| DDNI for Collection: | Mary Margaret Graham |
| DDNI for Policy, Plans & Requirements: | LTG Ronald L. Burgess |
| DDNI for Analysis and Chairman of the NIC: | Thomas Fingar |
| Budget: | Classified |
| Employees: | Approximately 1,500 |
The Director of National Intelligence (DNI) is the United States government official subject to the authority, direction and control of the President of the United States who is responsible under the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 for:
- Serving as the principal adviser to the President of the United States, the National Security Council, and the Homeland Security Council for intelligence matters related to the national security;
- Serving as the head of the sixteen member United States Intelligence Community; and
- Overseeing and directing the National Intelligence Program of the United States.
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[edit] History
Prior to establishment of the DNI, the head of the Intelligence Community was the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI). The DCI concurrently served as the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
Establishment of the DNI position was one of the recommendations in the report by the 9/11 Commission investigating the September 11 attacks. The report, which was released on July 22, 2004, identified major intelligence failures that called into the question how well the Intelligence Community protected US national and homeland security interests against attacks by foreign terrorists.
Soon thereafter Senators Dianne Feinstein, Jay Rockefeller and Bob Graham introduced legislation to create a Director of National Intelligence, S. 2645, introduced on June 19, 2002. Other, similar, legislation soon followed. After considerable debate on the scope of the DNI's powers and authorities, the United States Congress passed the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 by votes of 336-75 in the House of Representatives, and 89-2 in the Senate. President George W. Bush signed the bill into law on December 17, 2004. Among other things, the law established the DNI position as the designated leader of the United States Intelligence Community and prohibited the DNI from serving as the CIA Director or the head of any other Intelligence Community element at the same time. In addition, the law required the CIA Director to "report" his agency's activities to the DNI.
Critics say compromises during the bill's crafting led to the establishment of a DNI whose powers are too weak to adequately lead, manage and improve the performance of the US Intelligence Community.[2] In particular, the law left the United States Department of Defense in charge of the National Security Agency (NSA), the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. (The limited DNI role in leading the US Intelligence Community is discussed in the Intelligence Community article.)
On February 17, 2005, President George W. Bush named U.S. Ambassador to Iraq John Negroponte to the post, pending confirmation by the Senate. It was reported that President Bush's first choice for Director of National Intelligence was former Director of Central Intelligence Robert M. Gates, who was serving as president of Texas A&M University; however, Gates declined the offer.[3] Negroponte was confirmed by a Senate vote of 98 to 2 in favor of his appointment on April 21, 2005, and was sworn in by President Bush on that day.
On February 13, 2007, Negroponte was sworn in as Deputy Secretary of State, and John Michael McConnell became the 2nd Director of National Intelligence.
[edit] Organizational Chart
The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 established Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) as an independent agency to assist the DNI in carrying-out his duties. The total budget for the ODNI and the Intelligence Community are classified. The ODNI has approximately 1,500 employees. The National Counterterrorism Center is a major organization within the ODNI. The chart below is the Office's organization as of March 23, 2007.
NOTE: At a hearing in front of the United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence on January 23, 2007 [1], it was made public that the Office of the Director of National Intelligence no longer has an Acting Principal Deputy Director.
On March 23, 2007, DNI Mike McConnell announced organizational changes,[4] which include:
- elevating acquisition to a new Deputy DNI position
- creating a new Deputy DNI for Policy, Plans, and Requirements (replacing the Deputy DNI for Requirements position)
- establishing an Executive Committee
- designating the Chief of Staff position as the new Director of the Intelligence Staff.
[edit] DDNI for Collection
The Office of the Deputy Director of National Intelligence for Collection was established to coordinate collection throughout the Intelligence Community under the authorities of the DNI and ensure that the National Intelligence Strategy (NIS) priorities are appropriately reflected in future planning and systems acquisition decisions.[5]
The Office of the DDNI for Collection looks across the entire collection business enterprise to develop corporate understanding of needs, requirements, and capabilities to ensure that a holistic view is taken on current and future collection systems. The Deputy Director for Collection brings together key IC stakeholders to get senior level insight into issues.[5]
The DDNI for Collection is supported by four Assistant Deputies:
- Assistant DDNI for Collection Strategies
- Assistant DDNI for Human Intelligence
- Assistant DDNI for Open Source
- Assistant DDNI for Technical Means[5]
[edit] DDNI for Analysis
Primary authority for analytic activities rests with the Deputy Director of National Intelligence for Analysis, who is also the Chairman of the National Intelligence Council. As of March 2007, there are six Assistant Deputy Directors for Analysis (ADDNI/A):[6]
- ADDNI/A for the National Intelligence Council
- ADDNI/A for the President's Daily Brief
- ADDNI/A for Analytic Mission Management
- ADDNI/A for Analytic Integrity and Standards (also the Analytic Ombudsman[7])
- ADDNI/A for Analytic Transformation and Technology (also the Chief Technology Officer[8])
- ADDNI/A for Community Support.[9]
[edit] Directors of National Intelligence
| Name | Term of Office | President(s) served under |
|---|---|---|
| John Negroponte | April 21, 2005 – February 13, 2007 | George W. Bush |
| John Michael McConnell | February 13, 2007 – Present | George W. Bush |
[edit] Principal Deputy Directors of National Intelligence
| Name | Term of Office | President(s) served under |
|---|---|---|
| Gen Michael Hayden | April 21, 2005 – May 26, 2006 | George W. Bush |
| LTG Ronald L. Burgess, Jr. (Acting) | June, 2006 – January, 2007 | George W. Bush |
[edit] References
- ^ DNI.gov (2007) United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence Hearing stating that LTG Ronald L. Burgess is no longer the Acting Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence. Retrieved January 23, 2007.
- ^ Kaplan, Fred. "You Call That a Reform Bill?", Slate Magazine, 7 December 2004.
- ^ CNN.com (2005) Bush names Negroponte intelligence chief. Retrieved May 14, 2006.
- ^ Director McConnell Announces Organizational Changes at the ODNI, ODNI News Release No. 9-07 (PDF) (2007-03-23). Retrieved on 2007-03-24.
- ^ a b c An Overview of the United States Intelligence Community (2007) (PDF). Office of the Director of National Intelligence. Retrieved on 2007-03-25.
- ^ Pincus, Walter. "An Admonition on Intelligence", The Washington Post, 2007-02-26. Retrieved on 2007-03-24.
- ^ Negroponte, John (2006-05-08). Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Intelligence Community Policy Memorandum Number 2006-200-2 (PDF). Retrieved on 2007-03-24.
- ^ ODNI Announces Senior Leadership Positions, ODNI News Release No. 5-05 (2005-10-31). Retrieved on 2007-03-24.
- ^ Negroponte, John (2005-11-09). Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Intelligence Community Policy Memorandum Number 2005-200-1 (PDF). Retrieved on 2007-03-24.
[edit] See Also
- JWICS
- Intellipedia
- Program Manager Information Sharing Environment
- The National Security Act of 1947
[edit] External links
- Office of the Director of National Intelligence
- US Intelligence Community
- An Overview of the United States Intelligence Community
- ODNI Organization
- The National Counterterrorism Center
- The National Counterintelligence Executive
- Program Manager for Information Sharing Environment
- Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004
[edit] Articles
- U.S. News & World Report: First line of Defense: Inside the Efforts to Remake U.S. Intelligence
- Fact Sheet: Real Progress in Reforming Intelligence
- The Washington Post - December 29, 2006: DNI Awards $2 Million in Hush-Hush Money
- The National Security Archive: From Director of Central Intelligence to Director of National Intelligence
| United States Directors of National Intelligence |  |
|---|---|
| Negroponte • McConnell |
