Direction de la surveillance du territoire
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The Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire (DST; Directorate of Territorial Surveillance) is a directorate of the French National Police operating as a domestic intelligence agency. Its attributions include counterespionage, counterterrorism and more generally the security of France against foreign threats and interference, including economic. It was created in 1944 with its headquarters situated at 7 rue Nélaton in Paris.
The DST Economic Security and Protection of National Assets department has units in the 22 regions to protect French technology. It has been operating for 20 years, not only on behalf of defense industry leaders, but also for pharmaceuticals, telecoms, the automobile industry, and all manufacturing and service sectors.
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[edit] History of the DST
According to a recently published book [1], the DST has never been infiltrated by any foreign agency in all of its history. This resilience was supposedly taught to Cuban intelligence service recruits.
During the Algerian War (1954-62), the agency created in December 1956 the Organization of the French Algerian Resistance (ORAF), a group of counter-terrorists whose mission was to carry out false flag terrorist attacks with the aim of quashing any hopes of political compromise [2].
On December 3, 1973, agents of DST, disguised as plumbers, were caught trying to install a spy microphone in the offices of the Canard Enchaîné newspaper. The resulting scandal forced Interior Minister Raymond Marcellin to leave the government.
Reporter Marie-Monique Robin, author of a book investigating relationship between the Algerian War and Operation Condor, declared to L'Humanité newspaper: "French have systematized a military technique in urban environment which would be copied and pasted to Latin American dictatorships." [3]. Roger Trinquier's famous book on counter-insurgency had a very strong influence in South America. She declared being shocked to learn that the DST communicated to the Chilean DINA the name of the refugees who returned to Chile (Operation Retorno). All of these Chileans have been killed. "Of course, this puts in cause the French government, and Giscard d'Estaing, then President of the Republic. I was very shocked by the duplicity of the French diplomatic position which, on one hand, received with open arms the political refugees, and, on the other hand, collaborated with the dictatorships." [3]
One of the greatest success of the DST was, paradoxically, the recruitment of the Soviet KGB officer Vladimir Vetrov. Between the spring of 1981 and early 1982 he handed almost 4,000 secret documents over to the DST, including the complete official list of 250 Line X KGB officers stationed under legal cover in embassies around the world, before being arrested in February 1982 and executed in 1983.
[edit] Directors of the DST
- Roger Wybot (1944 - 1959)
- Gabriel Eriau (1959 - 1961)
- Daniel Doustin (1961 - 1964)
- Tony Roche (1964 - 1967)
- Jean Rochet (1967 - 1972)
- Henri Biard (1972 - 1974)
- Jacques Chartron (1974 - 1975)
- Marcel Chalet (November 1975 - November 1982)
- Yves Bonnet (1982 - 1985)
- Rémy Pautrat (August 1985 - April 1986)
- Bernard Gérard (April 1986 - May 1990)
- Jacques Fournet (23 May 1990 - 5 October 1993)
- Philippe Parant (6 October 1993 - 1997)
- Jean-Jacques Pascal (1997 - 2002)
- Pierre de Bousquet de Florian (since 2002)
[edit] References
- ^ Frédéric Ploquin and E. Merlen, 'Carnets intimes de la DST', Fayard 2003
- ^ Roger Faligot and Pascal Krop, DST, Police Secrète, Flammarion, 1999, p.174
- ^ a b L’exportation de la torture, interview with Marie-Monique Robin in L'Humanité, August 30, 2003 (French)
[edit] External links
- Home page from Ministère de l’Intérieur (French)
- Evaluating the Effectiveness of French Counter-Terrorism (English)
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