Diocese of the Falkland Islands
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The Diocese of the Falkland Islands was a diocese of the Church of England, headed by the bishop of the Falkland Islands. Until well into the twentieth century the Bishop of the Falkland Islands had episcopal authority over the whole of South America, until the Bishop’s seat shifted to Buenos Aires. In 1982 Argentinian episcopal authority over the Falkland Islands was abolished, and today the Rector of the Cathedral reports direct to the Archbishop of Canterbury while receiving pastoral guidance from the Bishop of Chile in Santiago.
[edit] History
Waite Hockin Stirling was ordained the first Bishop in 1869. After him, the history of the Falkland Islands Diocese was very largely that of the waxing and waning fortunes of the South American Missionary Society. In 1910 the Diocese was divided for the first time into "East Coast" and "West Coast". Bishop Every became Bishop of Argentina and Eastern South America, and Bishop Lawrence Blair Bishop of the Falklands which included Chile, Bolivia and Peru, resigning in 1914 when Bishop Every resumed pastoral oversight. 1910 was also the year of the World Missionary Conference at Edinburgh whose misunderstood conclusions severely hampered Anglican efforts to reach the Spanish-speaking peoples of South America for several generations.
Norman de Jersey was Bishop for fifteen years until 1934 when he was succeeded by John Weller. Financial constraints caused him to move across to become Bishop of Argentina and Eastern South America while retaining oversight of the Falkland Islands which technically became vacant until 1946. Bishop Daniel Evans, formerly in Rio de Janeiro, took over in 1946 when the diocese was once more united as the Diocese of the Falkland Islands covering nearly all of South America. He died of a heart attack on a coach in Southern Chile in 1962.
After a convention in Cuarnevaca, Mexico, in 1963, the Anglican Church underwent dramatic changes and the vast diocese was divided into three. The West Coast Diocese of Chile, Bolivia and Peru came under Bishop Kenneth Howell, a former SAMS Missionary, and Cyril Tucker was consecrated under two separate mandates, one as Bishop of Argentina and Eastern South America, and, two, the Falkland Islands. The SAMS again played an important part in financing and establishing the two bishoprics.
As a result of increased SAMS activity, two more dioceses were created in 1973 - Northern Argentina and Paraguay; the Diocese of Peru in 1977; Uruguay in 1988 and Bolivia in 1996 (now all part of the Anglican Province of the Southern Cone of South America). The South America Dioceses formed themselves into the Anglican Council of South America, including the Falkland Islands. This proved inappropriate for the good church-people of the Falklands, as proceedings were conducted in Spanish, concentrating on the great Latin American Continent with which the Falklands felt no affinity.
So, in 1978, the Archbishop of Canterbury assumed personal responsibility for the Falkland Islands, with Episcopal oversight exercised as his "Commissary" by Bishop Richard Cutts in Buenos Aires, an Anglo-Argentine and former missionary in Africa, who had succeeded Bishop Tucker in 1975. Since 1978, the Anglican Clergy have adopted the title of Rector, held successively since then by Harry Bagnall, John Murphy, Stephen Palmer, and a new Rector, Alistair McHaffie, just appointed. Since 1982, when so many British troops came under the episcopal oversight of the Bishop to the Forces, the Archbishop of Canterbury can exercise his responsibility by giving his commission to any Bishop visiting the Islands. In January 2007 Stephen Venner was made bishop of the Falklands and archbishop's commissary.
