Daula
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Daula means state and is used as a title in several cultures.
Contents |
[edit] Daula as nominal title
In the major Indian Muslim princely state of Hyderabad, Daula was one of the aristocratic titles bestowed by the ruling Nizam upon Muslim court retainers, ranking above Khan, Khan Bahadur, Nawab (homonymous with a high Muslim ruler's title), Jang (in ascending order), but under Mulk, Umara and Jah. The equivalent for the court's Hindu retainers was Vant.
[edit] Compound titles
In many honorary titles, the element ud-Daula 'of the state' occurs, even though usually they are just lofty honours, sometimes ad hoc creations, generally without real connection to any function in the state, while often bestowed as a personal (sometimes hereditary) favor by the crown upon holders of high offices, high nobles and trusted courtiers, or even allies; for example:
- Mirza Ghiyas Beg (immigrated from Persia), the Divan (i.e. Minister of the Treasury) of the Mughal Emperor of India Jahangir, was given the title Itmad-ud-Daula (Persian: إتماد الدولاة 'Pillar of the State').
- in Bahwalpur, Mukhlis ud-Daula 'Devoted Servant of the State', Saif ud-Daula (cfr. infra), wa Muin ud-Daula (?) and Rukn ud-Daula 'Pillar of the State' were all subsidiary titles of the ruling Nawab and Amir.
- Nasir ad-Daula was awarded to Hassan, a Hamdanid (Arab) Caliphal governor of Mosul and Diyarbakir (929-968)
- Sahib ud-daula 'Lord of the state' \ in Egypt * circa 'His Excellency'; also in Tunis (also spelled Saheb Ed Daoula) by the Grand Vizier
- Zahir ud-Daula (in Afshar Persia)
Also part of more significant titles, such as
- Ra'is ad-Dawla was the formal title of Abd el-Krim as the Head of State of the Dawlat al-Jumhuriyya ar-Rifiyya 'Confederal Republic of the Tribes of the Rif' (in Algeria) since February 1923.
- Vakil ud-Daula (used by the future founder of Persia's Afshar dynasty, as Regent before he replaced the son of the former dynasty's Shahanshah he had deposed, to rule as Nadir Shah)
- Wazir ud-Daula (or El Ouzir El Dawla): Minister of State, under the ruling Bey of Tunis
[edit] Other use
Like many titles, the word also occurs in personal names, often without any aristocratic of political significance.
