Crossing (architecture)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A crossing, in ecclesiastical architecture, is the junction of the four arms of a cruciform (cross-shaped) church.

In a typically oriented church (especially of Romanesque and Gothic styles), the crossing gives access to the nave on the west, the transept arms on the north and south, and the choir on the east.

The crossing is sometimes surmounted by a tower or dome. Because the crossing is open on four sides, the weight of the tower or dome rests heavily on the corners; a stable construction thus required great skill on the part of the builders. In centuries past, it was not uncommon for overly ambitious crossing towers to collapse.

A tower may be called a lantern if it has openings through which light from outside can shine down to the crossing.

Crossing and lantern tower, Rouen Cathedral	Crossing with dome, Santa Maria del Fiore, Florence	Crossing tower, Canterbury Cathedral	Flèche above crossing, Notre Dame de Paris
Crossing tower, Saint-Sernin Basilica	Plan of St-Sernin, showing enlarged piers to support tower