Crissal Thrasher

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Crissal Thrasher
Conservation status
Least Concern
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order: Passeriformes Family: Mimidae Genus: Toxostoma Species: T. crissale
Binomial name
Toxostoma crissale (Henry, 1858)

The Crissal Thrasher (Toxostoma crissale), is a large thrasher found in the Southwestern United States to central Mexico. The bird grows to 32 cm (12.5 inches), and has a deeply curved bill. It can be found near desert streams in dense underbrush, and in the low desert near canyon chaparral. The bird seldom flies in the open.

Contents 1 References 2 Further reading 2.1 Book 2.2 Thesis 2.3 Articles

[edit] References

• BirdLife International (2004). Toxostoma crissale. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 12 May 2006. Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
• The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Birds, Western Region, pg. 523

[edit] Further reading

[edit] Book

• Cody, M. L. 1999. Crissal Thrasher (Toxostoma crissale). In The Birds of North America, No. 419 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.

[edit] Thesis

• Laudenslayer WFJ. Ph.D. (1981). HABITAT UTILIZATION BY BIRDS OF THREE DESERT RIPARIAN COMMUNITIES. Arizona State University, United States -- Arizona.

[edit] Articles

• Anderson BW, Ohmart RD & Fretwell SD. (1982). Evidence for Social Regulation in Some Riparian Bird Populations. American Naturalist. vol 120, no 3. p. 340-352.

• Finch DM. (1982). Rejection of Cowbird Molothrus-Ater-Obscurus Eggs by Crissal Thrashers Toxostoma-Dorsale. Auk. vol 99, no 4. p. 719-724.

• Hubbard JP. (1976). The Nomenclatural History of the Crissal Thrasher Aves Mimidae. Nemouria. vol 20, p. 1-7.

• Kozma JM & Mathews NE. (1997). Breeding bird communities and nest plant selection in Chihuahuan desert habitats in south-central New Mexico. Wilson Bulletin. vol 109, no 3. p. 424-436.

• LaRue CT, Dickson LL, Brown NL, Spence JR & Stevens LE. (2001). Recent bird records from the Grand Canyon region, 1974-2000. Western Birds. vol 32, no 2. p. 101-118.

• Melville RV. (1983). Toxostoma-Crissale Ruled to Be the Correct Original Spelling of the Name First Published as Toxostoma-Dorsalis. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. vol 40, no 2. p. 83-84.

• Patten MA, Erickson RA & Unitt P. (2004). Population changes and biogeographic affinities of the birds of the Salton Sink, California/Baja California. Studies in Avian Biology. vol 27, p. 24-32.

• Zink RM, Dittmann DL, Klicka J & Blackwell-Rago RC. (1999). Evolutionary patterns of morphometrics, allozymes, and mitochondrial DNA in thrashers (genus Toxostoma). Auk. vol 116, no 4. p. 1021-1038.