Constitution of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sahrawi Republic
This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic

Constitution President Mohamed Abdelaziz Prime Minister Abdelkader Taleb Oumar National Council Political parties Polisario Front Elections Foreign relations Free Zone
Other countries · Politics Portal view • talk • edit

A constitution of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) was first promulgated in 1976, but it has been revised several times since then. The last major redrafting came in 1991, but this version was further changed by the Sahrawi National Council - the SADR's parliament in exile - in 1995 and 1999.

The constitution provides for a separation of powers between judicial, legislative, and executive branches. It names Arabic as the national language and Islam as the state religion, and grants every citizen freedom of speech and the right to property. It further determines that an independent Western Sahara will be a multiparty democracy with a market economy. Presently, however, the constitution ties the SADR to the Polisario Front, which is working to establish an independent Western Sahara. For example, the Secretary-General of Polisario (now Mohamed Abdelaziz) is constitutionally identical to the President of Western Sahara, until the achievement of independence.

This is because the constitution is considered an interim document, which is not fully applicable until the Western Sahara is independent. Thus, several clauses will not come into effect until the proclamation of independence, and various changes in the constitutional order will then occur. Among other things, the constitution details a transitional phase after independence has been declared, in which the Polisario is detached from the republic and transformed into a political party among others.

For information on the institutions and elections that are regulated in the constitution of the SADR, see here and here. For information on the political institutions of the Polisario Front, see here.