Cleofonte Campanini

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Cleofonte Campanini (September 1, 1860-December 19, 1919) was an Italian conductor. His brother was the tenor Italo Campanini.

Born in Parma, Campanini studied music at that city's conservatory, making his debut with a performance of Carmen, also in Parma, in 1883. That year he was invited to New York City during the inaugural season of the Metropolitan Opera, and was offered a position as assistant conductor with the company. Five years later he returned to the United States to lead the American premiere of Giuseppe Verdi's Otello at the Academy of Music. Desdemona was sung by Eva Tetrazzini, who Campanini had married in 1887.

Campanini conducted at La Scala for three years before being appointed artistic director, in 1906, of the newly-formed Manhattan Opera Company. He stayed there for three years before resigining over artistic disagreements with the company's manager, Oscar Hammerstein I. In 1910 he became the first conductor of the Chicago Opera, remaining there until his death; he brought the company with him in 1918 to New York for a four-week season that included Amelita Galli-Curci's first appearance in the city.

Campanini was known for his association with French opera, and introduced numerous works to the United States; these included Hérodiade, I gioielli della Madonna, Louise, Pelléas et Mélisande, Jules Massenet's Sapho, and Thaïs. Campanini died in Chicago in 1919.