Class War
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This article is about the organisation and newspaper Class War. See Class war for general information about this subject.
Class War is a UK based anarchist group and newspaper originally set up by Ian Bone and others in 1983.
Contents |
[edit] Origins and stance
The organisation had its origins in Swansea, Wales, developing from a group of community activists who produced a local paper called The Alarm, which focused on issues such as corruption within local government. Following a move to London, the London Autonomists (including Martin Wright and Pete Mastin) soon became involved and a decision was made to produce a tabloid-style newspaper which would reach a wider audience, particular aimed at young anarchists and pacifists, including followers of the anarcho-punk band Crass.
The articles in Class War criticised pacifism and the Peace movement, arguing the idea that violence is a necessary part of the class struggle. This stance was further justified with the statement that "democratic systems are all supported on a basis of coercion sanctioned by the use of force", and "the ruling class are never more dangerous than when they are doing impressions of human beings".
Class War's attitude to violence was summed up in ('Britain's most unruly tabloid'):While not giving unqualified support to the IRA you don't have to be an Einstein to realise that a victory for the armed struggle in Ireland would be a crushing blow to the ruling class and to the authority of the British state. 1992 (Class War No.52).
The group maintained that the vast majority of people in Britain remained exploited by the ruling class and their official literature has long stated that about 75% of the country is working-class. Most other estimates put a much lower figure on the proportion (although it should be remembered that other estimates may not use the same definition of 'working class' as Class War).
[edit] Stand up and Spit
The title of another early Class War magazine, aimed at inner city youth.
The numerous titles released by class war were eventually to be replaced by a national paper just called Class War, this paper declared that the enemy was not just a system-wide abstraction, but each and every person who belonged to the ruling class. It advocated active violence against the wealthy, and the paper used colloquial language and gallows humour. One early cover was of a cemetery, with the caption, "We have found new homes for the rich." Another in 1986 suggested that recently married royal couple TRH The Duke and Duchess of York were "Better Dead than Wed." This cover was reproduced as a poster, which was banned by the Ramsgate Police. Anarchists were required to remove the posters they had put up on a McDonalds fast food retail outlet and on the front of a W.H Smith Bookstore. Class War also collaborated with anarchist band Conflict in releasing a 'commemorative' royal wedding single of the same title. Much of the organisations propaganda is intentionally provocative or illegal.
The paper also featured pictures of injured policemen, "Hospitalised Copper" appeared on page three of every edition (a nod to The Sun's Page Three girls). Class War explained that their intent here was to show that people could 'fight back' against the state rather than be 'passive victims'.
[edit] Bash the Rich Revels
Inspired by the Stop the City actions of 1983 and 1984, Class War organised a number of Bash The Rich demonstrations, in which supporters were invited to march through and disrupt wealthier areas of London such as Kensington, and Henley-on-Thames (during the annual Regatta), bearing banners and placards with slogans such as "Behold your future executioners!" (a phrase coined by the anarchist Lucy Parsons).
A third Bash The Rich event, scheduled to march through Hampstead in 1985, was largely prevented by a heavy police presence, and was acknowledged by Class War to have been a failure. This event is seen as many as a major setback for the group, and many members left to form other groups or drifted away.[1]
[edit] The Record
In 1986, Class War released a 7" EP single entitled "Better Dead Than Wed". The single was released to coincide with the wedding of Prince Andrew and Sarah Ferguson and the front cover featured a picture of the royal couple kissing with the title of the single part covering the picture. The rear of the sleeve featured a picture of the changing of the guard overlaid with a black and white image of an inner city riot.
The single was released on the Mortarhate label and had the catalogue number MORT 000.[2]
[edit] The Tracks
The EP contained three tracks, the first 2 on the A side and the third on the B side.
- Class War - Spoken word over a piano background.
- Better Dead Than Wed - A punk track about the royal wedding.
- Rap 'n' Durge - A powerful angry monologue over a funky backbeat featuring brass and bass. Rap 'n' Durge was about Class War's attitude to the Royal Family as a whole rather than just the Royal Wedding.
[edit] Run out groove
The run out groove of the record has messages scratched in both the A and B sides.
- A side: "EAT THE RICH!"
- B side: "July 23. You know what to do."
[edit] Insert
The single contained an insert giving Class War's stance on the wedding along with full contact details for regional Class War groups and the paper.
[edit] 2005 release
The title track has been updated and re-released as a free mp3 download available from the Mortarhate site[3] This time the image is of Prince Charles riding a horse bearing a striking resemblance to Camilla Parker-Bowles.
[edit] The Class War Federation
A national conference was in held Manchester in 1986 and proposed that groups and individuals who produced and supported the paper should form "Class War" groups as part of a national federation with common 'aims and principles'.
A Class War Federation developed, gaining particular prominence in the anti-poll tax movement of the late 80s and early 1990s. When Class War spokesman Andy Murphy praised those who had rioted in the Trafalgar Square Poll Tax Riots as "working class heroes", Class War gained wider media exposure (including a 'tea time' interview with Ian Bone on the Jonathan Ross Show (see Poll Tax Riots)). 1992 saw the publication of Unfinished Business - The Politics of Class War published jointly with AK Press that set out where Class War came from, and where it wanted to go.
Frustrated at what he saw as "too much dead wood" in the organisation, Scargill left Class War in 1993, to be followed by founder Ian Bone.
Class War was then edited by Bristol Class War, and largely assisted by a group of activists from Leeds who had been strongly critical of the "stuntism" of Bone and Scargill, Class War began to be perceived by many anarchists as moving in a more reformist political direction. However, riots and disturbances were still linked to the organisation by the British media, and in October 1994 the Class War leaflet Keep it Spikey distributed before a riot in Hyde Park against the Criminal Justice Act, returned the organisation to the front pages.
[edit] Internationally
There were a number of groups in other countries inspired by Class War, all of whom appear to be defunct. Groups in Germany and the United States were formally linked with the British group and used the name Class War. Angry People was an occasional Australian magazine that appeared throughout the 1990s.[4] A group in New Zealand also called Class War was active as recently as December 2005.[5]
[edit] Decline and Split
By 1996, with membership falling, Class War members from Bristol and Leeds launched a "review process" to examine the direction the Federation should now take. This resulted in a rejection of Class War's perceived violent image. By summer 1996, Leeds Class War were stating that regardless of whatever the rest of the Federation chose to do, issue 73 of Class War would be the last edition they would be involved in.
Class War voted to produce a special issue of the paper, the aim being to assess its history, role and direction, with a view to disbanding the organisation. This would be followed by a conference in London in 1997 to "reforge the revolutionary movement".
In March 1997, Class War formally split at its Nottingham conference between those who would continue as Class War and those who wanted to disband the organisation. It was argued that the group that had rejected so much of the practice of the revolutionary left, was now replicating it. The "quitters" went on to produce issue 73 of Class War - An open letter to the revolutionary movement.[6]
The intended London conference eventually had to be abandoned, as London Class War had decided to carry on producing Class War.
[edit] London Class War
During the 90s many Class War activists moved onto using the slogan No War But The Class War.
The first NWBTCW group appeared in London during the 1990-1991 Gulf War. The group dissolved after the war stopped.
The second NWBTCW group appeared in London during the 1999 Kosovo War. This too dissolved after the war stopped. This group also included ex-members of Class War.
The third NWBTCW group appeared in London following the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan in October 2001. Efforts, particularly by the Communist Workers' Organisation, to turn this into a network of groups across England failed. A split in the group which was characterised as between theory and practice lead to the 'actionists' leaving to attempt a copy of the Italian Disobedients, which eventually disbanded. The 'theorist' section transmuting itself into the No War But The Class War Discussion Group, which eventually also dissolved.
The newspaper continues to be produced by a new group of activists involved with Reclaim the Streets, animal rights (especially hunt saboteur activities), cooperating with anti-fascists and founders of Movement against the Monarchy. Class War also supported libertine movements such as the sexual freedom coalition.
Class War has been critical of leftist groups, such as the Socialist Workers Party (Britain), for their co-operation with groups perceived as reactionary, such as the Muslim Association of Britain, and also for their alleged authoritarian tendencies.
Class War was involved in many of the anti-capitalist demonstrations of recent years, including J18.
By 2003, Class War had one of the more popular anarchist websites in the UK.
[edit] Trivia
Class War's skull logo was copied from the logo of the Welsh punk band the Soldier Dolls. The band gave their permission for Class War to use it, but it was copied by anarchist groups all over the world and is still in use.[7]
[edit] References
- ^ Stewart Home, THE ASSAULT ON CULTURE: utopian currents from Lettrisme to Class War (London: Aporia Press & Unpopular Books, 1988).
- ^ Mortarhate discography Showing the records existence.
- ^ Download page for mp3.
- ^ Angry People site on archive.org
- ^ Class War New Zealand
- ^ Class War is dead.. Long live the Class War The text of Class War number 73, the final issue of Class War explaining why the organisation decided to dissolve itself retrieved 6 September 2006
- ^ soldierdolls.com more info
[edit] External links
- Class War Federation
- Death of a Paper Tiger - Reflections on Class War - anarchism comment and criticism of Class War
- Class War text archive - Repository of articles and texts by and about Class War and the Class War Federation in libcom.org library
