Class III NFA firearm
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Any firearm that is controlled under the very restrictive Title 2/Class III provisions of the National Firearms Act, rather than the Title 1 provisions that govern ordinary civilian firearms. Possession of a Title 2/Class III weapon without Federal authorization, i.e. a BATFE Form 4, is a Federal felony punishable by up to 10 years in prison and a $10,000 fine.
Title 2/Class III restrictions cover all automatic weapons, sound-suppressed firearms, firearms over .50 caliber (except shotguns and some over-.50 hunting rifles), rifles with barrels shorter than 16", shotguns with barrels shorter than 18", rifles or shotguns shorter than 26" overall length, smoothbore handguns, shoulder-stocked handguns (some antiques excepted), disguised firearms (cell phone guns, cane guns), explosives, grenades, gun-type grenade launchers, and miscellaneous other weapons.
Civilian firearms in the U.S. fall under the more familiar NFA Title 1 provisions, and include all non-automatic firearms under .50 caliber that meet the other requirements of the NFA, plus some over-.50-caliber weapons (e.g., sporting shotguns, and some large-game hunting rifles).
Only specially licensed Class III weapons dealers can sell Title 2 weapons, and only to military/police departments or approved individuals holding BATFE Form 4's.
For more information on the Title 2 provisions of the National Firearms Act, see http://www.titleii.com/BardwellOLD/nfa_faq.txt.
BATFE forms necessary in order to apply for a Form 4 may be found at http://www.titleii.com/Forms.htm.
