Civil Service in Malaysia

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Article 132 of the Constitution of Malaysia stipulates that the Public Service consist of:

the General Public Service of the Federation
the State Public Services
the Joint Public Services
the Education Service
the Judiciary and the Legal Service
the Armed Forces

For all intents and purpose, Statutory Bodies and the Local Authorities are also considered as part of the Public Service. This is because both these autonomous bodies resemble the Public Service in many respects since they adopt the procedures of the Public Service pertaining to appointments, terms and conditions of service and the remuneration system. Besides that, their officers and staff also receive pension and other retirement benefits similar to the employees in the Public Service.

However, with the implementation of the separation concept under the New Remuneration System which became effective on 1 January 1993, several public sector agencies were given the freedom to institute their own policies and procedures. These agencies, whose activities were akin to that of businesses and were in good financial stead, were allowed to determine their own policies and procedures pertaining to appointments, terms and conditions of service.

1 Public Agencies
2 Central Agencies
3 Public Sector
4 Public Sector Personnel Management Policies and Procedures
5 Appointing Authorities
6 External links

[edit] Public Agencies

Public agencies are agencies in the Public Service at the Federal, State and the Local Government levels. Federal agencies consist of Ministries, Federal Departments, Federal Statutory Bodies, City Hall of Kuala Lumpur and the Municipal Council of Labuan. Each Ministry is headed by a Minister and the executive officer is known as the Secretary General. The Prime Minister’s Department is also a ministry. Typically there will be a number of departments and possibly one or more statutory bodies as well under a ministry. Head of departments are given the title Director General. Head of statutory bodies are called chairman while the chief executive officer who is a civil servant is called the General Manager. There are statutory bodies headed by the executive chairman who also functions as the General Manager as is the case in the Employees’ Provident Fund.

State Agencies consist of state departments and statutory bodies. Local Governments Municipal Councils and District Councils.

The term Public Service does not include special institutions like the Judiciary, Public Service Commissions, the Election Commission and like institutions whose members are appointed by the king. Nevertheless, the organizations providing support or secretarial services to these institutions are public agencies whose officers and staff are from the Public Service. The Public Service also excludes off-budget agencies which are formed under the Companies Act or the Society Act and do not follow policies and procedures of personnel management in the public sector.

[edit] Central Agencies

Central Agencies are Federal agencies responsible for formulating the national financial and economic policies, the public sector human resource policies and the monitoring and supervising the implementation of these policies. The central agencies are:

The Treasury
The Economic Planning Unit (EPU)
The Implementation Coordination Unit (ICU JPM)
The Malaysian Administrative Modernisation and Management Planning Unit (MAMPU)
The Public Service Department (PSD)

[edit] Public Sector

Public sector is a general term used to refer to all agencies that undertake activities considered to be the responsibility of the government or are financed by the government. It encompasses the Public Service as well as special institutions paid for by public money.

[edit] Public Sector Personnel Management Policies and Procedures

Personnel management policies and procedures are uniform across the Public Service in Malaysia. This is because the responsibility for formulating policies and procedures on human resource management for the entire public sector is entrusted to a single agency, namely the Public Service Department. It follows then that all public sector agencies will have to follow the same policies and procedures.

[edit] Appointing Authorities

Each of the services have their respective appointing authorities as follows:-

Service/Agency	Appointing Authority
Federal Public Service (excluding the Education Service, Judiciary & Legal Service, Police and Armed Forces)	Public Service Commission (Federal)
Education Service	Education Service Commission
Judiciary and Legal Service	Judiciary & Legal Service Commission
Police Service	Police Service Commission
Armed Forces	Armed Forces Council
Public Services in the states of Selangor & Penang	Public Service Commission (Federal)
Other State Public Services	Respective State Public Service Commissions
Federal and State Statutory Bodies	Respective Management Boards
Local Authorities	Respective Management Boards