Circumcision worldwide

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The following is an index of circumcision rates worldwide by country.

Contents 1 Majority of males uncircumcised 2 Majority of males believed to be uncircumcised 3 Majority of males believed to be circumcised for religious reasons 4 Majority of males circumcised for cultural/ritual reasons 5 Majority of males circumcised for cultural/non-religious reasons 6 Majority of males believed to be circumcised for cultural/ritual reasons 7 References

[edit] Majority of males uncircumcised

The following countries have published sources that indicate that the majority of males are not circumcised.

Australia, Austria^[1], Belgium^[1], Canada, China^[1], Denmark^[1], Finland^[1], France^[1], Germany^[1], Iceland^[1], Ireland^[1], Japan^[1], Namibia^[2], Netherlands^[1], New Zealand, Norway^[1], Swaziland^[2], Sweden^[1], Switzerland^[1], United Kingdom^[1], Zambia^[2], and Zimbabwe^[2].

[edit] Majority of males believed to be uncircumcised

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The following countries do not have any significant documented circumcision practices, but have no reliable published circumcision statistics available.

Albania, Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Chile^[3], Colombia, Comoros, Congo (Brazzaville), Congo (Kinshasa), Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Fiji, Gabon, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, India, Italy, Jamaica, Kiribati, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malawi, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mexico, Micronesia, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar (Burma), Nauru, Nepal, Nicaragua, North Korea, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Serbia and Montenegro, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Taiwan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, Uruguay, Vatican City, Vietnam and Venezuela

[edit] Majority of males believed to be circumcised for religious reasons

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Islam, which endorses circumcision, is the majority religion in the following countries with the exception of Israel, which practices circumcision due to the majority religion being Judaism.

Afghanistan, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brunei Darussalam, Brunei, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Palestinian territories, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, "Western Sahara", and Yemen.

[edit] Majority of males circumcised for cultural/ritual reasons

Religious reasons may contribute to this, especially in countries where Islam is a significant minority religion.

Angola^[2], Benin^[2], Burkina Faso^[2], Eritrea^[2], Ghana^[2], Kenya, Madagascar^[2], and Republic of the Congo^[2],

[edit] Majority of males circumcised for cultural/non-religious reasons

The following countries have either local customs or cultural ones that result in the majority of males being circumcised, especially for non-religious reason.

Philippines, and United States.

[edit] Majority of males believed to be circumcised for cultural/ritual reasons

These countries have high circumcision rates, however they are not properly documented.

Niue, Samoa, South Korea, Tonga, and Vanuatu^[4].

[edit] References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o} Wallerstein E. Circumcision: the uniquely American medical enigma. Urol Clin North Am 1985;12(1):123-132.
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k} Wilson, David and Joy de Beyer (2006). HIV/AIDS M&E - Getting Results. World Bank Global.
3. ^ Carlos Andrade, Circuncisión - La diferencia oculta (Parte III), in sexovida.com
4. ^ Pankuma Festival of Circumcision