Chortkiv

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Ternopil Oblast
Ternopil Oblast

Chortkiv (Ukrainian: Чортків, Polish: Czortków) is a city in the Ternopil oblast (province) in western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Chortkivsky Raion (district). Population: 29,057 (2001). Located on the Seret river, in the northern part of Galician Podilia and is situated in the historic region of Galicia.

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[edit] Chortkiv: history and industries

The first historical mention of Chortkiv dates to 1522, when Polish king Sigismund I the Old granted ownership order for Jerzy Czortkowski over this town and allowed him to name it Czortków (Chortkiv) after himself. The town was also given Magdeburg Law privileges then. Chortkiv declined in the second half of the 17th century, during the Polish-Turkish wars when the town was taken over by Ottoman Empire (1673-1683). It was part of short lived Turkish province (Eyalet) Podolya with capital in Kamianets-Podilskyi which existed in years 1672-1699. After First Partition of Poland Chortkiv came under Austrian rule (1772-1918) and was the center of the Chortkiv Bezirk; later it became a county center. On 8 June 1919 the Ukrainian Galician Army broke for couple months through the Polish front at Chortkiv and began so called Chortkiv offensive. In 1931 the town had 19,000 inhabitants, 22.8 percent of whom were Ukrainians (Greek Catholics), 46.4 percent Poles (Roman Catholics), and 30 percent Jews. From September 17, 1939 in Soviet Union (with exception of 1941-1944 when was taken by Germans) and in 1991 became part of independent Ukraine. Chortkiv is an administrative, commercial, and small-scale manufacturing center. Today it has some industry: food-processing, garment making, and railway maintenance. Among its architectural monuments are a fortress built in the 16th and 17th centuries and wooden churches of the 17th and 18th centuries. There is also a historical museum.

[edit] Chortkiv Jews and Holocaust

Chortkiv was one of the shtetls and had a significant number of Jews residing here prior to the Holocaust. On August 26, 1942 at 2.30 am in the morning the German Schutzpolizei started driving Chortkiv Jews out of houses, split them in groups of 120, packed in freight cars and deported 2000 local Jews to Belzec death camp. 500 of Jewish sick and children were murdered on the spot.

During this first Action, the detained Jews were divided in groups and to each of them a member of the Judenrat and two Jewish policemen were appointed to be responsible for the respective group. Although both the Judenrat and the Jewish police were personally spared in the first Action, nevertheless, some of their relatives were among those sent to the death-camp in Belzec. At the "registration area" near the Bazaar the Germans made a selection and exempted about two hundred Jews who were needed to carry out their indispensable work.

After the first "Action" the ghetto was reduced. Szkolna and Podolska Streets were excluded and the ghetto comprised only the streets near the river Seret like Skladowa and Rzeznicka.

[edit] Famous people

[edit] See also

[edit] External links


COA of Ternopil Oblast Administrative divisions of Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine Flag of Ukraine

Raions: Berezhanskyi | Borshchivskyi | Buchatskyi | Chortkivskyi | Husiatynskyi | Kozivskyi | Kremenetskyi | Lanovetskyi | Monastyryskyi | Pidhaietskyi | Pidvolochyskyi | Shumskyi | Terebovlianskyi | Ternopilskyi | Zalishchytskyi | Zbarazkyi | Zborivskyi

Cities: Berezhany | Borshchiv | Buchach | Chortkiv | Khorostkiv | Kopychyntsi | Kremenets | Lanivtsi | Monastyryska | Pidhaitsi | Pochaiv | Shumsk | Skalat | Terebovlia | Ternopil | Zalischyky | Zbarazh | Zboriv

Urban-type settlements: Husiatyn | Kozova | Pidvolochysk | Vyshnivets | more...

Villages: Budaniv | Okopy | Shutromintsy | more...



Coordinates: 49°01′N, 25°48′E


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