Choo San Goh
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Choo San GOH 吴诸珊 (14 September 1948 - 28 November 1987), choreographer, was born in Singapore, son of Kim Lok Goh, a merchant, and Siew Han Ch’ng.
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[edit] Childhood
He was the youngest of ten children. His Chinese parents spoke Mandarin and the family was brought up with very traditional values. Goh was influenced by and followed in the path of three of his older siblings to train as a dancer. Performance tours to Singapore from overseas ballet companies stimulated their interest in dance.
His elder sister Soonee Goh 吴素妮 trained at the Royal Ballet School in London and returned to Singapore to co-found the Singapore Ballet Academy. His elder brother Choo Chiat Goh 吴诸杰, also trained at the Royal Ballet, later becoming a principal dancer in the Beijing Ballet is the artistic director of the Goh Ballet Academy in Vancouver, British Columbia Another sister, Soo Khim Goh 吴素琴, trained at the Australian Ballet and co-founded Singapore Dance Theatre in 1988.
[edit] Education
Goh went to school at the Nanyang Primary School and proceeded to Raffles Institution. Goh’s earliest desire was to become an airline pilot, but his studies in ballet, taught by his sister, Soonee Goh, led him towards his eventual career path as a dancer. At his father’s insistence, he first completed his University education and graduated with a degree in Bio-chemistry from the University of Singapore.
[edit] Early career
In 1970 he travelled to Europe in hope of finding a position in a ballet company and was offered a place with the Dutch National Ballet in Amsterdam. The company had a rich blend of classical and contemporary choreography. Goh joined as a member of the corps de ballet and was eventually elevated to soloist with the company. He excelled in works by the company’s resident choreographers, Toer van Schaik and Rudi van Dantzig, as well as in works by Balanchine and Petipa. It was a fertile training ground for his growing interest in choreography.
While still a dancer with the company, Goh created his first ballets in a workshop environment. These small ballets brought him to the attention of Mary Day, Director of the Washington School of Ballet in Washington, DC. Believing in his talent, she offered him a position with her newly founded Washington Ballet in 1976. Goh saw this as a chance to grow along with the pace of the development of the new company and took on the responsibilities of company teacher and Resident Choreographer at their inception as a professional company.
Over the course of the next few years his work became increasingly sophisticated and definitive works like Fives (1978), using Ernest Bloch’s Concerto Grosso began to emerge. Goh came to the notice of several important Artistic Directors of dance companies as word of mouth spread that his talent was producing works of a very high quality. Many noted that his work was filled with a usage of classical ballet vocabulary that seemed influenced by his Asian heritage. His vision was more "symphonic" in that he utilized numerous soloist dancers in a ballet rather than the traditional principal dancer/corps de ballet arrangement typical in classical choreography.
For the Houston Ballet he created two new works (1979 & 1980) and for the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater he created Spectrum (1981). American Ballet Theatre commissioned Configurations to be created for Mikhail Baryshnikov soon after. His only full length work, Romeo and Juliet, to Prokofiev’s famous score, was created for the Boston Ballet (1984).
Goh maintained his work with the Washington Ballet as a primary commitment, creating one or two new works each year in addition to re-staging for them some of the successful ballets he was now creating for other companies. He was given the position of Associate Director of the company in addition to retaining his title as Resident Choreographer. The city of Washington presented him with the Mayor’s Award for Excellence in the Arts in 1986. The Washington Ballet came to international notice due to Goh's work with the very accomplished dancers in the company. Alan M. Kriegsman, Dance critic for the Washington Post, wrote that Goh “has propelled the Washington Ballet to international status on the jetstream of his talent...” (February 21, 1985) The company conducted its first large scale overseas tour in 1984 and over the next few years performed in Europe, South America, and the Far East repeatedly, featuring programmes of Goh’s choreography. In addition to Fives, some of the most well-known works he created for the Washington Ballet include Variations Serieuses, Birds of Paradise, In the Glow of the Night, Unknown Territory, and Schubert Symphony. All of these ballets went on to enjoy performances with other companies worldwide. His commitment to Washington Ballet remained and he gave a substantial portion of each year to his work with them. Goh’s demanding schedule in the 1980s included ballets with Bat Dor Dance Company, the Paris Opera Ballet, Royal Danish Ballet, Joffrey Ballet and the Royal Swedish Ballet. Singapore recognized his talent as a choreographer by presenting him with the Cultural Medallion in 1987, the country’s highest award for artistic achievement.
[edit] Death
In 1987 Goh became seriously ill with AIDS and after a very brief illness died at his home in New York City. Before his death he had decided that a Foundation to further choreographic endeavors would be part of his legacy. The Choo San Goh & H. Robert Magee Foundation was formed in 1992 and the centerpiece of it is its annual Choo San Goh Award for Choreography. Since that time numerous choreographers and dance companies have been given financial awards to create new dance works in an effort to further develop choreographic talent. The Foundation also oversees the licencing of Goh’s ballets in performances by dance companies throughout the world. Singapore Dance Theatre has added to their repertoire ten of Goh’s works in that time bringing his unique identity as a Singaporean choreographer back to his homeland. In 1997 Singapore Dance Theatre commissioned a monograph on Goh entitled Goh Choo San, Master Craftsman in Dance. It contains a detailed overview of his life in written text and photos of his ballets. Obituaries were published in the New York Times and the Washington Post on November 30, 1987.
[edit] Related
His elder brother Choo Chiat Goh is the founder and artistic director of Goh Ballet Academy in Vancouver B.C., Canada. His niece (daughter of Choo Chiat Goh) is Chan Hon Goh吴振红, a principal dancer with the National Ballet of Canada and the Suzanne Farrell Ballet, New York. His youngest sister Soo Khim Goh is co-founder and artisitc director of Singapore Dance Theatre, and elder sister Soo Nee Goh still teaches ballet in Vancouver B.C., Canada.
