Chipping Sparrow

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Chipping Sparrow

Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Emberizidae
Genus: Spizella
Species: S. passerina
Binomial name
Spizella passerina
(Bechstein, 1798)

The Chipping Sparrow, Spizella passerina, is a small sparrow. Its breeding habitat is wooded areas, suburban parks, and farmland across most of North America. It usually nests in trees, coniferous or deciduous, or sometimes on the ground. The Chipping Sparrow migrates to the southern United States and south to Mexico.

Adults have a rusty cap, a dark bill and grey underparts. They have a tan back with dark stripes, brown wings with white bars and a slim tail. Their face is grey with a black line through the eye. They are similar in appearance to the American Tree Sparrow.

These birds forage on the ground or in low bushes, sometimes flying up to catch insects in flight. They mainly eat insects and seeds.

These birds usually travel in flocks outside of the breeding season. The song is a simple trill. Although this bird's original habitat was probably coniferous forest, it has adapted well to the changes brought about by increased human population in its range.

Contents

[edit] Media

[edit] References

[edit] External links

[edit] Further reading

[edit] Book

  • Middleton, A. L. 1998. Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina). In The Birds of North America, No. 334 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.

[edit] Thesis

  • Liu W-C. Ph.D. (2001). Development, variation, and use of songs by chipping sparrows. University of Massachusetts Amherst, United States -- Massachusetts.
  • Perez DE. M.A. (1982). PARENTAL FORAGING IN CHIPPING SPARROWS (SPIZELLA PASSERINA). Western Michigan University, United States -- Michigan.
  • Tate DJR. Ph.D. (1973). HABITAT USAGE BY THE CHIPPING SPARROW (SPIZELLA PASSERINA) IN NORTHERN LOWER MICHIGAN. The University of Nebraska - Lincoln, United States -- Nebraska.

[edit] Articles

  • Albrecht DJ & Oring LW. (1995). Song in chipping sparrows, Spizella passerina: Structure and function. Animal Behaviour. vol 50, p. 1233-1241.
  • Anderson SH & Van Hook RIJ. (1973). Uptake and Biological Turnover of Cadmium-109 in Chipping Sparrows Spizella-Passerina. Environmental Physiology & Biochemistry. vol 3, no 5. p. 243-247.
  • Braestrup FW. (1968). Evolution of Vertebrates Parus-Ater Parus-Cristatus Parus-Montanus Nemeritis-Canescens Phylloscopus-Sibilatrix Delichon-Urbica Spizella-Passerina Peromyscus-Maniculatus Turdus-Merula Turdus-Viscivorus Acrocephalus-Palustris. Zoologischer Anzeiger. vol 181, no 1/2. p. 1-22.
  • Catherine PO & Joseph CO. (2001). Effects of Brown-headed Cowbirds on the nesting success of Chipping Sparrows in southwest Colorado. The Condor. vol 103, no 1. p. 127.
  • Dawson WR, Carey C, Adkisson CS & Ohmart RD. (1979). Responses of Brewers Sparrows Spizella-Breweri and Chipping Sparrows Spizella-Passerina to Water Restriction. Physiological Zoology. vol 52, no 4. p. 529-541.
  • Earley CG. (1991). BROWN-HEADED COWBIRD, MOLOTHRUS-ATER, SEEN REMOVING A CHIPPING SPARROW, SPIZELLA-PASSERINA, EGG. Canadian Field-Naturalist. vol 105, no 2. p. 281-282.
  • Fillmore ER & Titman RD. (1977). CHIPPING SPARROW HANGED. Canadian Field-Naturalist. vol 91, no 1. p. 69-69.
  • Foster J & Tozer R. (2001). Chipping sparrow feeds young of Eastern Kingbird. Ontario Birds. vol 19, no 2. p. 79-83.
  • Liu W-C & Kroodsma DE. (1999). Song development by chipping sparrows and field sparrows. Animal Behaviour. vol 57, p. 1275.
  • Liu W-C & Kroodsma DE. (2007). Dawn and daytime singing behavior of chipping sparrows (Spizella passerina). Auk. vol 124, no 1. p. 44-52.
  • Middleton ALA & Prescott DRC. (1989). POLYGYNY, EXTRA-PAIR COPULATIONS, AND NEST HELPERS IN THE CHIPPING SPARROW, SPIZELLA-PASSERINA. Canadian Field-Naturalist. vol 103, no 1. p. 61-64.
  • Moldenha.Rr & Taylor PG. (1973). ENERGY-INTAKE BY HYDROPENIC CHIPPING SPARROWS (SPIZELLA-PASSERINA-PASSERINA) MAINTAINED ON DIFFERENT DIETS. Condor. vol 75, no 4. p. 439-445.
  • Pulliam HR. (1980). Do Chipping Sparrows Spizella-Passerina-Arizonae Forage Optimally. Ardea. vol 68, no 1-4. p. 75-82.
  • Reynolds JD & Knapton RW. (1984). Nest-Site Selection and Breeding Biology of the Chipping Sparrow Spizella-Passerina. Wilson Bulletin. vol 96, no 3. p. 488-493.
  • Scott DM. (1988). HOUSE SPARROW AND CHIPPING SPARROW FEED THE SAME FLEDGLING BROWN-HEADED COWBIRD. Wilson Bulletin. vol 100, no 2. p. 323-324.
  • Simmons GA & Sloan NF. (1974). Consumption of Jack-Pine Budworm Choristoneura-Pinus by the Eastern Chipping Sparrow Spizella-Passerina. Canadian Journal of Zoology. vol 52, no 7. p. 817-821.
  • Sloan NF & Simmons GA. (1973). Foraging Behavior of the Chipping Sparrow in Response to High Populations of Jack Pine Budworm. American Midland Naturalist. vol 90, no 1. p. 210-215.
  • Stewart PA. (1968). Bird Migration through an Abandoned Farmstead Richmondena-Cardinalis Behavior Dendroica-Palmarum Guiraca-Caerulea Spizella-Passerina. Chat. vol 32, no 4.
  • Swanson HM, Kinney B & Cruz A. (2004). Breeding biology of the Chipping Sparrow in ponderosa pine forests of the Colorado Front Range. Wilson Bulletin. vol 116, no 3. p. 246-251.
  • Wan-Chun L. (2004). The effect of neighbours and females on dawn and daytime singing behaviours by male chipping sparrows. Animal Behaviour. vol 68, p. 39.
  • Wan-Chun L & Donald EK. (2006). SONG LEARNING BY CHIPPING SPARROWS: WHEN, WHERE, AND FROM WHOM. The Condor. vol 108, no 3. p. 509.
  • Zink RM & Dittmann DL. (1993). Population structure and gene flow in the chipping sparrow and a hypothesis for evolution in the genus Spizella. The Wilson Bulletin. vol 105, no 3. p. 399-413.


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