Chiara Lubich
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Chiara Lubich (born January 22, 1920) is an Italian Catholic activist.
[edit] Biography
Chiara Lubich was born Silvia Lubich to a family of printmakers, in Trento, northern Italy, in 1920. Her father lost his job because of the socialistic ideas he held during Italy's period of Fascism. Consequently, the Lubichs lived for years in extreme poverty. To pay for her university studies in philosophy, Lubich tutored other students in Venice and during the 1940s began teaching at an elementary school in Trento.
During World War II, while bombs were destroying Trento, Lubich, then in her early twenties, against a background of hatred and violence, made the discovery of God who is Love, the only ideal that no bomb could destroy. It was a powerful experience, 'stronger than the bombs that were falling on Trent', which Lubich immediately communicated to her closest friends. Their lives changed radically. They declared that, should they be killed, they wished to have only one inscription carved on their tomb: "And we have believed in love".
Her discovery of "God is Love" (cf. 1 John 4:16), lead her, on December 7, 1943, alone in a small chapel, to promise herself to God forever and to change her name to Chiara, in honor of the Saint from Assisi. This date is considered the beginning of the Focolare movement.
These Focolare (small communities of lay volunteers) seek to contribute to peace and to achieve the evangelical unity of all people in every social environment. Its goal became a world living in unity, and its spirituality has helped dismantle centuries-old prejudices. Today its members and adherents are Catholic, Protestant, Anglican, Orthodox, Jewish, Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist, Sikh, as well as thousands of people who profess no particular religion.
The May 13, 1944 is remembered in her life as the night of one of the most violent bombings of Trento. Lubich's house was among the many houses destroyed. As her relatives fled into the nearby mountains to seek refuge, she decided to stay in Trento to help the new life that was being born around her. Amid the ruins of the city, she encountered a woman who had lost her senses through the suffering caused by the death of her four children. In their embrace, she heard the call to embrace the suffering of humanity. It was among the poor of Trento that that which Lubich often calls the "divine adventure" began.
From this experience the certainty that the Gospel, when it is lived to the letter gives rise to the most powerful of social revolutions: here we find the first indications of the social commitment of the Movement.
In 1948 Lubich met the Italian parliamentar Igino Giordani, writer, journalist, pioneer in the field of ecumenism. He was to be co-founder, together with Lubich, of the movement because of the contribution given by him in the context of the spirituality of unity's social incarnation, which gave rise to the New Families Movement and the New Humanity Movement.
The year 1949 marked the first encounter between Lubich and Pasquale Foresi, a young man who grew up in Catholic environments. Troubled by profound inner searching, he felt an intense need to couple Gospel and life in the Church. He was the first Focolarino to become a priest, ordained in 1954. Always at the side of the foundress, he contributed among other things, to giving life to the Movement's theological studies, to starting the Città Nuova Publishing House and to building the little town of Loppiano. Throughout the Movement's development, he has given a noteworthy contribution to concretizing its ecclesiastical and lay expressions. Along with Igino Giordani, he is considered to be a co-founder of the Movement.
In 1954 she met in Vigo di Fassa (near Trento) with escapees from the forced labour camps in Eastern Europe and after 1960 the spirituality of unity and the Movement began to take shape clandestinely in those countries.
In 1956 there was the Soviet invasion of Hungary. Faced with this dramatic development Lubich felt the urgency of bringing God back into society so that humanity could realise that it has its source of freedom and fraternity in Him. This marked the birth of the "volunteers", people who are committed in the most diverse fields of action: from politics to economy, from art to education. They were to become the animators of New Humanity Movement
In Europe many of the wounds provoked by the violence and hate of the Second World War remained. In 1959, at the Mariapolis (summer gathering of the Movement) in the Dolomite Mountains, Lubich addressed a group of politicians inviting them to go beyond the boundaries of their respective nations and to "love the nation of the other as you love your own". Indeed internationality soon becomes a hallmark of the Movement which rapidly spread, firstly in Italy; and then, since 1952 in Europe and since 1959 in the other continents. "Little towns" began to be born from 1965 on, with the birth of the first in Loppiano, together with international congresses, and the use of the media contribute to the formation of people who live for the ideal of a "united world".
In response to the growing crisis of the family in today's society, she founds the New Families Movement in 1967.
In the 1960s young people started protesting in large numbers throughout much of the world. From 1966 Lubich proposed to the youth to live according to the radicalism of the Gospel as an answer to the profound desire for change claimed by young people everywhere. The Gen Movement was thus born (New Generation) which animates the wider "Young People for a United World"
From the very beginning there had been younger teenagers and children who made the spirituality of unity their own. The third generation of the Movement, those who animate the vaster "Youth for Unity" movement, was born in 1970.
In 1977, Lubich received the Templeton Prize for progress in religion and peace. The presence of many representatives of other religions at the ceremony brought about the beginning of the Movement's inter-religious dialogue.
In 1991, shortly after the collapse of the Berlin Wall, during a trip to Brazil, as a response to the situation of those who live in sub-human conditions in the outskirts of the metropolises there, Lubich launched a new project: the "Economy of Communion in Liberty". This quickly developed in various countries involving hundreds of businesses, giving rise to a new economic theory and praxis.
In 1995 two recognitions which Lubich received from the mayor and bishop of her native city opened a phase of public life which directly involves her.
In 1996 Lubich received an Honorary Degree in Social Sciences from the Catholic University of Lublin in Poland. Professor Adam Biela spoke of the "Copernican revolution in the Social Sciences, brought about by her having given life to a 'paradigm of unity' which shows the new psychological, social and economic dimensions which today's post-communist society has been waiting for in this new and difficult transitional phase".
Still in 1996 Lubich was awarded the UNESCO Prize for education to peace, in Paris motivated by the fact that, “in an age when ethnic and religious differences too often lead to violent conflict, the spread of the Focolare Movement has also contributed to a constructive dialogue between persons, generations, social classes and peoples."
In 1997-98 Lubich became the first Christian, the first lay person, and the first woman to be invited to communicate her spiritual experience to a group of 800 Buddhist monks and nuns in Thailand (January 1997), to 3,000 Black Muslims in the Mosque of Harlem in New York (May 1997), and to the Jewish community in Buenos Aires (April 1998). New prospects for dialogue are opened. She received honorary degrees in various disciplines: from theology to philosophy, from economics to human and religious sciences, from social science to social communications. These were conferred not only by Catholic universities, but also by lay universities, in Poland, the Philippines, Taiwan, the United States, Mexico, Brazil and Argentina.
All of these represented "providential circumstances" which brought about new developments on a cultural level, in an epoch noted for the collapse of values.
In May 1997 she visited the United Nations, where she made a speech regarding the unity of peoples in the "Glass Palace".
In September 1998 in Strasbourg she was presented with the Prize for Human Rights '98 by the Council of Europe, for her work "in defence of individual and social rights".
