Charles Arbuthnot (abbot)
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Charles Arbuthnot (22 February 1737 – 19 April 1820) was a renowned Scottish abbot of Scots Monastery, Regensburg and a leading Bavarian mathematician of his time.
The son of James Arbuthnot, Senior of West Rora in Aberdeenshire and Margaret Gordon, he was baptized in Longside on 23 February 1737. He was brought up in the Roman Catholic faith and was sent to Germany aged 11 to be educated there. He afterwards won for himself a reputation as a scientist, mathematician, natural philosopher and chemist besides being renowned for his piety, learning, breadth of mind and benevolence of heart. In 1757, Arbuthnot became a member of the Benedictine Order and an inmate of the Monastery of St James, known as the Scots College at Ratisbon. Under the name Benedict, he spent the rest of his life at Ratisbon, other than a brief visit to Scotland in 1772. His father died in 1770 and he refused his share in his estate.
On 4 June 1776 Arbuthnot became Abbot of Ratisbon. He was greatly respected and when in 1802 the Diet of Regensburg determined at the instance of Napoleon Bonaparte to secularize all the church lands of the Empire, an express exemption was made in favour of the Scots College of Ratisbon; however it was not allowed to take any new novices. Arbuthnot had declared the monastery as a Scottish national shrine and put it under the sole authority of Rome. In 1814, it came under the authority of the Bishop of Regensburg, but it was still not dissolved, since the monastery had laid out a large part of his fortune at an Austrian bank which the state did not want to lose. After Arbuthnot's death the monastery was demoted to a priory because of a staff shortage, and in 1862 its existence was finished finally.
According to his tombstone at Regensburg he was born at Rora on 5 March 1737 (which is wrong), was made a professus on 21 November 1756 and a sacerdos or priest on 14 February 1761.
[edit] References
- Mrs P S-M Arbuthnot (1920). Memories of the Arbuthnots. George Allen & Unwin.
- Thomas A Fischer. The Scots in Germany.
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
- The monastery's history (German). Retrieved on 2007-01-06.
