Chac Mool
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chac-Mool is the name given to a type of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican stone altar.
The so called "Chac-Mool" altars depict a human figure in an awkward position of reclining with the head up and turned to one side, holding a tray over the stomach. It is believed that the tray part of the sculpture was used for offerings of incense and of human hearts from human sacrifices.
Chac-Mool altars are typically found in front of temples in Toltec and other post-Classic central Mexican sites, and in post-Classic Maya civilization sites with heavy Toltec influence, such as Chichen Itza.
The ancient name for these sculptures is unknown. The name was coined by Augustus Le Plongeon, an eccentric 19th century antiquitarian who excavated some Maya sites in Yucatán and published multiple volumes of "history" of the Maya which later scholars consider to be based on nothing other than Le Plongeon's own vivid imagination. Le Plongeon uncovered such a statue in Chichen Itza and concocted an elaborate story around it saying that it depicted an ancient king of Atlantis named "Chac-Mool", which means "Red Jaguar" in the Maya language. Although Le Plongeon's stories are discredited, the name he coined for this type of figure has stuck.
Chac-Mools should not be confused with Chaac, one of the leading deities in Maya mythology associated primarily with the phenomena of rain and thunder, and with whom they are not associated.
Chac-Mools can be found throughout Central Mexico and Yucatan. In addition to Tula and Chichen Itza, sites known for Chac-Mools include Mexico City, Cempoala in Michoacán and Tlaxcala, and Quirigua in Guatemala.
