Cesare Cesariano
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Cesare di Lorenzo Cesariano was a late 15th-early 16th century architect and architectural theorist in Milan, known to Donato Bramante ca. 1474, according to Bramante's vita by Giorgio Vasari, who says of the young, as yet untried Bramante:
- "Determined to see at least one notable thing, he preceded to Milan to visit the Duomo, where there happened to be one Cesare Cesariano, reputed a good geometer and architect, who had written a commentary on Vitruvius. Enraged at not having received the reward which he had expected, Cesare refused to work any more, and, becoming eccentric, he died more like a beast than a man."
Cesariano is chiefly remembered as the first translator of Vitruvius' treatise De Architectura into a modern language (Italian), with his added commentary, It was published, with copious woodcut illustrations, at Como, 1521. It was soon plagiarized in editions published at Venice, but all were superseded by Daniele Barbaro's edition, with illustrations by Andrea Palladio, 1556.
Vitruvius' technical language is fraught with difficulties. Leone Battista Alberti was of the mind that the Latins thought Vitruvius was writing Greek and the Greeks, Latin. The impenetrable Latin and the lack of illustrations gave freedom to the Renaissance designers, who were able to interpret antique architecture in their own image, all' antica. Cesariano's Vitruvius gives us a clear picture of the Renaissance perception of the architecture of Classical Antiquity. Indeed the spirit of Milan's Late Gothic Duomo can be recognized in some of Cesariano's woodcuts [1]. Among his illustrations is an attempt at rendering Vitruvius' precepts on the ideally proportiuoned man, successfully rendered by Leonardo, but attempted by many 15th century theorists [2]
Cesariano's illustrations, though not as influential as Sebastiano Serlio's, had some influence in the picturesque and classicizing vocabulary of the Northern Antwerp Mannerism
