Cannon fodder

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Cannon fodder is an informal term for military personnel who are regarded or treated as expendable in the face of enemy fire. The term is generally used in situations where soldiers are forced to fight against hopeless odds, such as occurred during trench warfare in World War I. The term may also be used to differentiate infantry from other forces (such as artillery, air force or the navy), who generally have a much better survival rate.

The term derives from fodder - food for livestock - but in this case soldiers are the metaphorical food sent against cannons. The term may have been introduced during the U.S. Civil War as a result of massed infantry charges against fortified enemy positions.

Contents 1 Origins of the term 2 Other uses 3 Cultural and literary references 4 See also 5 References

[edit] Origins of the term

The concept of regarding soldiers as nothing more than "food" to be consumed by battle was known at least as far back as the 16th century. For example, in William Shakespeare's play "Henry IV, Part 1" there is a scene where Prince Henry ridicules John Falstaff's pitiful group of soldiers. Falstaff replies to Prince Henry with cynical references to gunpowder and tossing bodies into mass grave pits, saying that his men are "good enough to toss; food for powder, food for powder; they’ll fill a pit as well as better [men]..."

The supposedly first attested use of expression "cannon fodder" belongs to a French writer, François-René de Chateaubriand. In his anti-napoleonic pamphlet "De Buonaparte et des Bourbons", published in 1814, he criticized the cynical attitude towards recruits, that prevailed in the end of Napoleon's reign: "On en était venu à ce point de mépris pour la vie des hommes et pour la France, d'appeler les conscrits la matière première et la chair à canon" — "the contempt for the lives of men and for France herself has come to the point of calling the conscripts 'the raw material' and 'the cannon fodder'."^[1]

[edit] Other uses

In popular culture, the term has become an example of a stock character. For example, in works of fiction, particularly science fiction, cannon fodder is a (sometimes collective) term used for unnamed or otherwise unimportant characters whose sole purpose in the story is to die in battle or other types of conflict to add to the bodycount in order to give the appearance of grandiose battles (see also "Stormtrooper Syndrome", redshirt).

In video games, cannon fodder is a term for small, easily destroyable enemies, like those found within scrolling shooters. In fact, there was a game with the title Cannon Fodder produced in 1993 by Sensible Software. The video game made light of the expression by portraying the deaths of the animated soldiers in the game humorously, and allowing the player to quickly replace lost soldiers with new ones, while satirizing modern warfare.

[edit] Cultural and literary references

• In the movie Star Trek: Nemesis, it was noted that the Remans have a reputation as warriors — during the Dominion War, some of their troops were used as cannon fodder.
• The hero of the satirical novel The Good Soldier Švejk is drafted into the army as cannon fodder during World War I.
• In the first Blackadder series, the term is arrowfodder, referring to the same term, before cannons.
• Otomo Katsuhiro's Memories is composed of three episodes. One of them is named "Cannon Fodder", telling the story of a city perpetually at war, with cannons shooting at an enemy that is never shown.
• In the Bertolt Brecht-Hanns Eisler song "Abortion is Illegal (Ballad of Paragraph 218)," in order to discourage abortion, the doctor sings to an expectant mother, "You're going to make a lovely little mother/You're going to make a hunk of cannon fodder/That's what your belly's for."
• There is a Magic: The Gathering card called Fodder Cannon.
• Sensible Software released a game for the Commodore Amiga called Cannon Fodder. The release sparked controversy, due to use of a corn poppy on the game's title screen. The developers included a disclaimer during the games introduction sequence, informing players that, "This game is not in any way endorsed by the Royal British Legion".
• In the television show "Futurama", the DOOP general Zapp Brannigan often considers his troops to be cannon fodder as he often sends them to completely suicidal (and easily avoidable) missions (such as sending wave after wave of his own men to battle the Killbots until they reach their pre-set kill limit), often doing so as a way to test the loyalty of his troops or as a result of his own ineptitude as a strategist, while not participating in the mission at all or blaming his lieutenant if the mission fails.

[edit] See also

• Forlorn hope, the initial wave of troops attacking a fortress or other strongpoint, who usually took horrendous casualties.
• Redshirt, a character whose sole purpose is to die violently soon after being introduced. This term was originally used to describe the red-shirted security personnel of the Star Trek series.
• Sacrificial lamb, a metaphorical reference for a person who has little if any chance of surviving an upcoming challenge, but seeks to sacrifice him or herself for the common good.

[edit] References