Cambridge University (UK Parliament constituency)

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Cambridge University
University constituency
Created: 1603
Abolished: 1950
Type: House of Commons

Cambridge University was a university constituency electing two members to the British House of Commons, from 1603 to 1950.

Contents

[edit] Boundaries and Election Systems

This university constituency was created by a Royal Charter of 1603. It was abolished in 1950 by the Representation of the People Act 1948.

The constituency was not a physical area. Its electorate consisted of the graduates of the University.

The constituency returned two Members of Parliament. Before 1918 they were elected using the bloc vote. From 1918, the MPs were elected by the Single Transferable Vote method of Proportional Representation.

[edit] Members of Parliament

This is a list of people who have been elected to represent this University in the Parliament of the United Kingdom, from 1784 to 1950.


Year Member Party Member Party
1784 William Pitt the Younger 1 Earl of Euston Whig
1806 Lord Henry Petty Whig
1807 Sir Vicary Gibbs Tory
1811 The 3rd Viscount Palmerston Tory
1812 John Henry Smyth Whig
1822 William John Bankes Tory
1826 Sir John Singleton Copley Tory Whig
1827 Sir Nicholas Conyngham Tindal Tory
1829 William Cavendish Whig
1831 Henry Goulburn Tory William Yates Peel Tory
1832 Conservative Charles Manners-Sutton Conservative
1835 Hon. Charles Evan Law Conservative
1850 Loftus Tottenham Wigram Conservative
1856 Spencer Horatio Walpole Conservative
1859 Charles Jasper Selwyn Conservative
1868 Alexander James Beresford Beresford-Hope Conservative
1882 Henry Cecil Raikes Conservative
1887 Sir George Gabriel Stokes Conservative
1891 Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb 2 Conservative
1892 Sir John Eldon Gorst Conservative
1906 Samuel Henry Butcher Conservative John Frederick Peel Rawlinson Conservative
1911 Sir Joseph Larmor Conservative
1918 Co. Conservative 3 Co. Conservative 3
1922 James Ramsay Montagu Butler Ind. Liberal 4 Conservative
1923 Sir George Geoffrey Gilbert Butler 5 Conservative
1926 Sir John James Withers Conservative
1929 Godfrey Harold Alfred Wilson Conservative
1935 Sir Kenneth William Murray Pickthorn Conservative
1940 Dr. Archibald Vivian Hill Ind. Conservative 4
1945 Henry Wilson Harris Independent

Notes:-

  • 1 Pitt called himself a Whig, but is usually retrospectively regarded as a Tory since most of his followers (whether their background was in the Whig or Tory tradition) came to call themselves the Tory Party in the decade after Pitt's death.
  • 2 Jebb died on 10 December 1905 - seat vacant at dissolution.
  • 3 Co. is an abbreviation for Coalition.
  • 4 Ind. is an abbreviation for Independent.
  • 5 Butler died on 2 May 1929 - seat vacant at dissolution.

[edit] Elections

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

[edit] Election by Bloc Vote

General Election 1832: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Henry Goulburn Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Rt Hon. Charles Manners-Sutton Unopposed N/A N/A
Turnout 2,319 N/A N/A
  • Note (1832): Manners-Sutton was the Speaker of the House of Commons.
General Election 1835: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Henry Goulburn Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Rt Hon. Charles Manners-Sutton Unopposed N/A N/A
Turnout 2,319 N/A N/A
  • Manners-Sutton created 'The 1st Viscount Canterbury'.
By-Election 21 March 1835: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Hon. Charles Evan Law Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General Election 1837: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Henry Goulburn Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Hon. Charles Evan Law Unopposed N/A N/A
Turnout 2,613 N/A N/A
General Election 1841: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Henry Goulburn Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Hon. Charles Evan Law Unopposed N/A N/A
Turnout 2,873 N/A N/A
By-Election 15 September 1841: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Henry Goulburn Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General Election 1847: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Hon. Charles Evan Law 1,486 31.74 N/A
Conservative Rt Hon. Henry Goulburn 1,189 25.40 N/A
Conservative Viscount Feilding 1,147 24.50 N/A
Liberal John George Shaw-Lefevre 860 18.37 N/A
Turnout 3,800 61.61 N/A
  • Note (1847): 3,800 registered electors; 4,682 votes cast; minimum possible turnout estimated by dividing votes by 2. To the extent that electors did not use both their votes, the figure will be an underestimate.
  • Death of Law.
By-Election 4 October 1850: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Loftus Tottenham Wigram Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General Election 1852: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Henry Goulburn Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Loftus Tottenham Wigram Unopposed N/A N/A
Turnout 4,063 N/A N/A
  • Death of Goulburn.
By-Election 11 February 1856: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Spencer Horatio Walpole 886 67.89 N/A
Liberal Hon. George Denman 419 32.11 N/A
Majority 467 35.79 N/A
Turnout 4,552 28.67 N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General Election 1857: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Spencer Horatio Walpole Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Loftus Tottenham Wigram Unopposed N/A N/A
Turnout 4,552 N/A N/A
By-Election 4 March 1858: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Spencer Horatio Walpole Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General Election 1859: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Charles Jasper Selwyn Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Rt Hon. Spencer Horatio Walpole Unopposed N/A N/A
Turnout 4,566 N/A N/A
General Election 1865: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Charles Jasper Selwyn Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Rt Hon. Spencer Horatio Walpole Unopposed N/A N/A
Turnout 5,184 N/A N/A
By-Election 11 July 1866: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Spencer Horatio Walpole Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
By-Election 22 July 1867: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Charles Jasper Selwyn Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
By-Election 24 February 1868: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Alexander James Beresford Beresford-Hope 1,931 57.97 N/A
Conservative A. Cleasby 1,400 42.03 N/A
Majority 531 15.94 N/A
Turnout 5,184 64.26 N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General Election 1868: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Alexander James Beresford Beresford-Hope Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Rt Hon. Spencer Horatio Walpole Unopposed N/A N/A
Turnout 5,435 N/A N/A
General Election 1874: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Alexander James Beresford Beresford-Hope Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Rt Hon. Spencer Horatio Walpole Unopposed N/A N/A
Turnout 5,855 N/A N/A
General Election 1880: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Alexander James Beresford Beresford-Hope Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Rt Hon. Spencer Horatio Walpole Unopposed N/A N/A
Turnout 6,161 N/A N/A
  • Resignation of Walpole.
By-Election 28 November 1882: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Henry Cecil Raikes 3,491 72.85 N/A
Liberal James Stuart 1,301 27.15 N/A
Majority 2,190 45.70 N/A
Turnout 6,371 75.22 N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General Election 1885: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Alexander James Beresford Beresford-Hope Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Rt Hon. Henry Cecil Raikes Unopposed N/A N/A
General Election 1886: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Alexander James Beresford Beresford-Hope Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Rt Hon. Henry Cecil Raikes Unopposed N/A N/A
By-Election 13 August 1886: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Henry Cecil Raikes Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
  • Death of Beresford-Hope.
By-Election 17 November 1887: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Prof. George Gabriel Stokes Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
  • Death of Raikes.
By-Election 9 October 1891: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Prof. Richard Claverhouse Jebb Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General Election 1892: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Sir John Eldon Gorst Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Prof. Richard Claverhouse Jebb Unopposed N/A N/A
General Election 1895: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Sir John Eldon Gorst Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Prof. Richard Claverhouse Jebb Unopposed N/A N/A
General Election 1900: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. Sir John Eldon Gorst Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb Unopposed N/A N/A
  • Death of Jebb - seat vacant at dissolution.
General Election 1906: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Samuel Henry Butcher 3,050 39.72 N/A
Conservative John Frederick Peel Rawlinson 2,976 38.76 N/A
Free Trade Rt Hon. Sir John Eldon Gorst 1,653 21.53 N/A
Turnout 4,063 65.8 N/A
  • Note (1906): Turnout is as in Craig.
General Election January 1910: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Samuel Henry Butcher Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative John Frederick Peel Rawlinson Unopposed N/A N/A
General Election December 1910: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Samuel Henry Butcher Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative John Frederick Peel Rawlinson Unopposed N/A N/A
  • Death of Butcher.
By-Election 11-16 February 1911: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Sir Joseph Larmor 2,308 50.24 N/A
Free Trade H. Cox 1,954 42.53 N/A
Ind. Conservative T.E. Page 332 7.23 N/A
Majority 354 7.71 N/A
Turnout 7,129 64.44 N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A

[edit] Election by Single Transferable Vote

General Elections, from 1918 when most constituencies polled on the same day, were on different polling days than for territorial constituencies. The polls for university constituencies were open for five days.

General Election 1918: Cambridge University (2 seats) - 1st Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Coalition Conservative John Frederick Peel Rawlinson 2,034 35.16 N/A
Coalition Conservative Sir Joseph Larmor 1,891 32.69 N/A
Independent W.C.D. Whetham 1,220 21.09 N/A
Labour John Collings Squire 640 11.06 N/A
Total Votes 5,785
Quota 1,929
Turnout 9,282 62.32 N/A
General Election 1918: Cambridge University (2 seats) - 2nd Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Coalition Conservative John Frederick Peel Rawlinson 1,929 N/A -105
Coalition Conservative Sir Joseph Larmor 1,986 N/A +95
Independent W.C.D. Whetham 1,229 N/A +9
Labour John Collings Squire 641 N/A +1
Total Votes 5,785
Quota 1,929
General Election 1922: Cambridge University (2 seats) - Only Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Frederick Peel Rawlinson 4,192 49.39 +14.23
Independent Liberal James Ramsay Montagu Butler 3,453 39.86 +39.86
Conservative Prof. William Ritchie Sorley 1,018 11.75 +11.75
Total Votes 8,663
Quota 2,888
Turnout 13,592 63.74 +1.42
General Election 1923: Cambridge University (2 seats) - 1st Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. John Frederick Peel Rawlinson 4,207 40.85 -8.54
Independent Liberal James Ramsay Montagu Butler 3,248 31.54 -8.32
Conservative Sir George Geoffrey Gilbert Butler 2,844 27.61 +27.61
Total Votes 10,229
Quota 3,434
Turnout 14,974 68.78 +5.04
General Election 1923: Cambridge University (2 seats) - 2nd Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. John Frederick Peel Rawlinson 3,434 N/A -773
Conservative Sir George Geoffrey Gilbert Butler 3,560 N/A +716
Independent Liberal James Ramsay Montagu Butler 3,283 N/A +35
non transferable N/A 22 N/A +22
Total Votes 10,229
Quota 3,434
General Election 1924: Cambridge University (2 seats) - Only Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Rt Hon. John Frederick Peel Rawlinson 4,569 38.60 -2.25
Conservative Sir George Geoffrey Gilbert Butler 4,026 34.01 +6.40
Independent Liberal James Ramsay Montagu Butler 3,241 27.38 -4.16
Total Votes 11,836
Quota 3,946
Turnout 16,621 71.21 +2.43
  • Death of Rawlinson.
By-Election 13 February 1926: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John James Withers Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
  • Death of Butler - seat vacant at dissolution.
General Election 1929: Cambridge University (2 seats) - 1st Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John James Withers 6,356 39.76 +39.76
Conservative Godfrey Harold Alfred Wilson 5,069 31.71 +31.71
Liberal H.D. Henderson 3,099 19.38 +19.38
Labour Dr. A. Wood 1,463 9.15 +9.15
Total Votes 15,987
Quota 5,330
Turnout 23,978 66.67 -4.54
General Election 1929: Cambridge University (2 seats) - 2nd Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John James Withers 5,330 N/A -1,026
Conservative Godfrey Harold Alfred Wilson 6,046 N/A +977
Liberal H.D. Henderson 3,131 N/A +32
Labour Dr. A. Wood 1,480 N/A +17
Total Votes 15,987
Quota 5,330
General Election 1931: Cambridge University (2 seats)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Godfrey Harold Alfred Wilson Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative Sir John James Withers Unopposed N/A N/A
  • Resignation of Wilson.
By-Election 23 February 1935: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Kenneth William Murray Pickthorn Unopposed N/A N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General Election 1935: Cambridge University (2 seats) - Only Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Sir John James Withers 7,602 42.30 N/A
Conservative Kenneth William Murray Pickthorn 6,917 38.49 N/A
Labour H.L. Elvin 3,453 19.21 N/A
Total Votes 17,972
Quota 5,991
Turnout 33,617 53.46 N/A
  • Death of Withers.
By-Election 19-23 February 1940: Cambridge University
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ind. Conservative Dr. Archibald Vivian Hill 9,840 64.62 N/A
Ind. Progressive Prof. J.A. Ryle 5,387 35.38 N/A
Majority 4,453 29.24 N/A
Turnout 39,171 38.87 N/A
Ind. Conservative gain from Conservative Swing N/A
General Election 1945: Cambridge University (2 seats) - 1st Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Kenneth William Murray Pickthorn 10,202 46.18 +7.69
Ind. Progressive John Boynton Priestley 5,041 22.82 +22.82
Independent Henry Wilson Harris 3,574 16.18 +16.18
Independent Dr. Charles Hill 2,238 10.13 +10.13
National Independent E.L. Howard-Williams 1,036 4.69 +4.69
Total Votes 22,091
Quota 7,364
Turnout 42,012 52.58 -0.88
General Election 1945: Cambridge University (2 seats) - 2nd Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Kenneth William Murray Pickthorn 7,364 N/A -2,838
Ind. Progressive John Boynton Priestley 5,128 N/A +87
Independent Henry Wilson Harris 4,709 N/A +1,135
Independent Dr. Charles Hill 3,092 N/A +854
National Independent E.L. Howard-Williams 1,798 N/A +762
Total Votes 22,091
Quota 7,364
General Election 1945: Cambridge University (2 seats) - 3rd Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Kenneth William Murray Pickthorn 7,364 N/A ..
Ind. Progressive John Boynton Priestley 5,238 N/A +110
Independent Henry Wilson Harris 5,185 N/A +476
Independent Dr. Charles Hill 3,595 N/A +503
National Independent E.L. Howard-Williams .. N/A -1,798
non transferable N/A 709 N/A +709
Total Votes 22,091
Quota 7,364
General Election 1945: Cambridge University (2 seats) - 4th Count
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Kenneth William Murray Pickthorn 7,364 N/A ..
Independent Henry Wilson Harris 6,556 N/A +1,371
Ind. Progressive John Boynton Priestley 5,745 N/A +507
Independent Dr. Charles Hill .. N/A -3,595
non transferable N/A 2,426 N/A +1,717
Total Votes 22,091
Quota 7,364
  • Constituency abolished (1950)

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  • Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885-1972, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Parliamentary Reference Publications 1972)
  • British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press 1977)
  • British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press 1974)
  • British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press, revised edition 1977)
  • The Parliaments of England by Henry Stooks Smith (1st edition published in three volumes 1844-50), second edition edited (in one volume) by F.W.S. Craig (Political Reference Publications 1973))
  • Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume I 1832-1885, edited by M. Stenton (The Harvester Press 1976)
  • Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Volume II 1886-1918, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (Harvester Press 1978)
  • Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Volume III 1919-1945, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (Harvester Press 1979)
  • Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Volume IV 1945-1979, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (Harvester Press 1981)
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