Buckhannon River
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Buckhannon River | |
|---|---|
 The Buckhannon River in Rangoon in 2005
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| Country | United States |
| State | West Virginia |
| Length | 47 mi (76 km) [1] |
| Watershed | 309 mi² (800 km²) [2] |
| Source | Confluence of Left Fork Buckhannon River and Right Fork Buckhannon River |
| - location | Alexander, Upshur County |
| - coordinates | [3] |
| - elevation | 1,837 ft (560 m) [4] |
| Mouth | Tygart Valley River |
| - location | southwestern Barbour County |
| - coordinates | [3] |
| - elevation | 1,325 ft (404 m) [3] |
 Map of the Monongahela River basin, highlighting the Buckhannon River
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The Buckhannon River is a tributary of the Tygart Valley River, about 47 mi (76 km) long, in north-central West Virginia in the United States. Via the Tygart Valley, Monongahela and Ohio Rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of 309 square miles (800 km²) on the unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau. It is locally held to have been named for Buckongahelas (d. 1805), a Lenape ally of the British during the Revolutionary War; other accounts trace the name to a missionary named John Buchanon who explored the vicinity of the city of Buckhannon in the late 18th century.[5][6] The river provides drinking water for much of Upshur County.[1]
The Buckhannon River is formed at the community of Alexander in southern Upshur County by the confluence of the Left Fork Buckhannon River[4] and the Right Fork Buckhannon River,[7] both of which rise in southwestern Randolph County at elevations of 3,658 feet (1,116 m) and 3,401 feet (1,037 m), respectively,[8] and flow generally north-northwestwardly into southern Upshur County. The Right Fork flows through the communities of Pickens and Selbyville and collects tributaries known as Middle Fork Right Fork Buckhannon River[9] and Left Fork Right Fork Buckhannon River;[10] the Left Fork of the Right Fork flows through the community of Helvetia.[11]
From Alexander the Buckhannon River flows generally northwardly, past Sago, to the city of Buckhannon, then northeastwardly into southwestern Barbour County, past Rangoon and Carrollton, where it is crossed by the Carrollton Covered Bridge. It joins the Tygart Valley River just downstream of Carrollton, approximately four miles (6 km) southwest of Philippi.[11]
The uppermost (southernmost) stretch of the river downstream of Alexander drops approximately 400 feet (122 m) in its first thirteen miles (21 km) and is boulder-strewn, providing habitat for trout (particularly brown trout), smallmouth bass, and rock bass. A low dam, installed for the provision of drinking water, forms a pool stretching upstream of Buckhannon to Sago; downstream of Sago, the Buckhannon is considered to be one of the best streams for muskellunge fishing in West Virginia. For twenty miles (32 km) downstream of Buckhannon, the river generally moves slowly between vegetation-covered banks over numerous submerged logs, providing habitat for muskies as well as smallmouth bass, rock bass, and carp. In its lowermost course above its mouth, the river assumes a higher gradient and is home to smallmouth bass, rock bass, and sunfish.[12]
According to the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, approximately 79.5% of the Buckhannon River's watershed is forested, mostly deciduous; approximately 18.1% is used for agriculture and pasture; and less than 1% is urban.[2]
[edit] Variant names and spellings
According to the Geographic Names Information System, the Buckhannon River has also been known as:[3]
- Buchanan River
- Buchanon River
- Buckanan River
- Buckhanan River
- Buckhannans Fork
- Buckhanon River
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b Howard, Kim (2006). "Buckhannon River", in Ken Sullivan (ed.): The West Virginia Encyclopedia. Charleston, W.Va.: West Virginia Humanities Council, p. 88. ISBN 0-9778498-0-5.
- ^ a b West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection. Watershed Atlas Project. Tygart Valley River watershed (cited figures are for sum of Upper and Lower Buckhannon River, French Creek, Finks Run, Sand Run and Pecks Run watersheds). Archived from the original on 2006-05-07. Retrieved on February 26, 2007.
- ^ a b c d Geographic Names Information System. Geographic Names Information System entry for Buckhannon River (Feature ID #1536596). Retrieved on February 26, 2007.
- ^ a b Geographic Names Information System. Geographic Names Information System entry for Left Fork Buckhannon River (Feature ID #1551766). Retrieved on February 26, 2007.
- ^ Howard, Kim (2006). "Buckongahelas", in Ken Sullivan (ed.): The West Virginia Encyclopedia. Charleston, W.Va.: West Virginia Humanities Council, p. 88-89. ISBN 0-9778498-0-5.
- ^ Howard, Kim (2006). "Buckhannon", in Ken Sullivan (ed.): The West Virginia Encyclopedia. Charleston, W.Va.: West Virginia Humanities Council, p. 88. ISBN 0-9778498-0-5.
- ^ Geographic Names Information System. Geographic Names Information System entry for Right Fork Buckhannon River (Feature ID #1552654). Retrieved on February 26, 2007.
- ^ Google Earth elevations for GNIS source coordinates. Retrieved on 2007-02-26.
- ^ Geographic Names Information System. Geographic Names Information System entry for Middle Fork Right Fork Buckhannon River (Feature ID #1543194). Retrieved on February 26, 2007.
- ^ Geographic Names Information System. Geographic Names Information System entry for Left Fork Right Fork Buckhannon River (Feature ID #1549551). Retrieved on February 26, 2007.
- ^ a b DeLorme (1997). West Virginia Atlas & Gazetteer. Yarmouth, Maine: DeLorme. ISBN 0-89933-246-3.
- ^ Shingleton, Michael V. (March 1996). "Various Fishing Opportunities Await Anglers at the Buckhannon River". Wonderful West Virginia 60 (1): 30-32.
