Bosanska Dubica/Kozarska Dubica
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Bosanska Dubica (Cyrillic: Босанска Дубица) or Kozarska Dubica (Cyrillic: Козарска Дубица) is a town and municipality located in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is administratively part of Republika Srpska entity. The municipality of Hrvatska Dubica lies to the north, in Croatia. Dubica is situated 26 km from the Zagreb-Belgrade Highway. The town and its suburbs border the Republic of Croatia to the north, the town of Bosanska Gradiška to the east, the town of Bosanska Kostajnica to the west, and the town of Prijedor to the south. The land area of Dubica is 499 km² and the population is estimated at about 31,000, even though no census has been held since 1991.
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[edit] Name
During the Bosnian war the town name was changed to Kozarska Dubica (Serbian: Козарска Дубица or Kozarska Dubica; Bosnian: Kozarska Dubica, Croatian: Kozarska Dubica), formerly known as Bosanska Dubica (Босанска Дубица), or simply Dubica (Дубица). Officially, the government of Bosnia and Herzegovina use both names for municipality, Bosanska Dubica and Kozarska Dubica, while government of Republika Srpska use name Kozarska Dubica. [2]
[edit] History
Bosanska Dubica was built in 930. However, the first mentioning of Bosanska Dubica dates from 1197. Babonići-Vodički were in charge of the town until the 12th century. Bosanska Dubica became an important fort during the Ottoman Empire due to its geographic positioning. It became a vital and important border crossing for many years. The last Austrian-Turkish war was the so called Dubica War (1788–1791) and was fought in this area. The town fell under Ottoman occupation in 1538. Bosanska Dubica encountered many different rulers during the Ottoman Empire and the later Austro-Hungarian Empire.
During World War II Bosanska Dubica was a town that encountered many casualties from both sides. From the 1970s Bosanska Dubica has experienced a great improvement in its economy. Bosanska Dubica was not directly affected by fighting during the Bosnian War (1992-1995). Around 6,000 Bosniaks were expelled from their homes, while many Serbs from Croatia settled in Bosanska Dubica.
[edit] Population
[edit] 1910
According to the 1910 census, the absolute majority in the Bosanska Dubica municipality were Orthodox Christians (82.94%).
[edit] 1991
According to the 1991 census, the population of the Bosanska Dubica municipality was 31,577, including:
- 21,811 Serbs (See: Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
- 6,470 Muslims by nationality (today mostly Bosniaks)
- 1,820 Yugoslavs
- 488 Croats (See: Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
- 988 others
In the town itself, Muslims by nationality (Bosniaks) had a slight majority. During the Bosnian war, around 6,000 people, mostly Bosniaks, were forced to leave the town and municipality, while a similar number of Serb refugees from Croatia and/or other Bosnian towns, found shelter and settled in Bosanska Dubica.
Due to the Bosnian War (1992 - 1995) much of the traditional population of Bosanska Dubica has been displaced outside of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
[edit] Current population
In 2006, the majority of inhabitants of municipality were ethnic Serbs. [3] The population is believed to consist of 28,000 Serbs, 2,700 Bosniaks, 200 Croats, and 100 others.[citation needed] However, it has to be mentioned that the demographic picture of Bosanska Dubica today differs from the period before 1991.
[edit] Economy
Situated in the valley of the rivers, the Municipality of Dubica has more than 316.09 square kilometres of arable land, thanks to which agriculture is an important development factor. Agricultural production is focused on land cultivation, cattle breeding industry, raising of industrial crops, and lately there has been the start of the development of fruit and wine growing.
Most of the economy comes from the livestock. The largest milk production company is the Mlijekoprodukt located near the town of Bosanska Dubica. It continues its tradition of growing fruits in the area. The climate of Bosanska Dubica is great for the cultivation of different kinds of vegetables.
Dubica also has an important construction company. It is called IGP "UNA". The company was established in 1962. All of the workers are completely qualified to work with different modern machines. Some important complexes that the company has built are: Zepter, the local hospital, the local high school, and the restoration of the severely damaged bridge.
[edit] Tourism
Hunting is a traditional sport of the Municipality of Dubica. One hunting organization is called Jelen (Deer) The area used for hunting is around 499 km². Hunting is extravagant in Dubica since it has two big mountains Kozara and Prosara. The hunting area is filled with rich forests. Hunting ranges from deer to smaller animals such as wild ducks.Every April the international competition with dog hunting occurs in Dubica.
Spa Mlječanica is the center for physiatrics, rehabilitation, and health located in Dubica. It is in the northwest slopes of the mountain Kozara. The modern, specialized institution for physiatrics and rehabilitation, provides all the conditions for a successful recovery and rest for the clients.
Fishing is highly important in Dubica. Since, Dubica is located right on the Una River, fishing has developed into a long time tradition. People from different areas come to fish. Also the Sava River is located not far from Dubica at Jasenovac, where the Una River enters the Sava.
[edit] Sports
Dubica has an old tradition in sports that dates back to the early 20th century. In the 1930s Bosanska Dubica establishes the Soccer Club Una. After World War II, Dubica has an upsurge of different sport organizations. In 1962 the handball club Borac was established. Then on February 11, 1973, the Basketball Team Una was created. In 1982 the Karate Club Knešpolje was founded. Even today the different sports remain an important part of Dubica. There are both male and female teams for handball. Also there are a couple of karate clubs and chess clubs.
[edit] Culture
Every year outside Bosnia and Herzegovina, the annual Bosansko Dubičko Veče is held. It is a celebration that brings together every displaced Bosnian from Bosanska Dubica. The cities that hold the celebration in the United States are: Chicago and St. Louis. In Chicago it always is on the Saturday before Memorial Day, hosted at the White Eagle Banquet Hall in Niles, Illinois. Sydney, Australia, also holds the same celebration in order to gather Bosnians of Bosanska Dubica from different Australian and New Zealand areas. These are year-to-year celebrations that bring together Bosnians from Bosanska Dubica. There is work on creating a congress that would meet once every two years, in order to help young children, born outside Bosanska Dubica, learn the traditional culture. The celebrations are primarily filled with Bosniaks, however, many Croatians and Serbians come to show their respect towards their town, Bosanska Dubica.
[edit] Gallery
 This is the newer center of Dubica |
 This is an old photograph of Bosanska Dubica dating from the Austro-Hungarian occupation |
 This is a photograph from Bosanska Dubica dating back to the early 20th century |
 Logo of Spa Mlječanica |
[edit] External links
- Official web site (Serbian)
- www.kozarskadubica.rs.sr (Serbian)
- Banja Mlječanica Kozarska Dubica (Serbian)
- Dubička Čaršija - Udruženje izbjeglih (Bosnian)
- BZK Preporod (Bosnian)
- Dubička Raja (Bosnian)
- Dubica On-line (Bosnian)
- Dubica.net (Bosnian)
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