Bodo-Kachari
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bodo-Kachari is a generic term applied to a number of ethnic groups predominantly in Assam speaking Tibeto-Burman languages or claiming a common mythical ancestry. They were first classified by S. Endle as the Kacharis. Here Bodo is derived from Bod which is Tibet and Kachari is derived from kassar meaning the foothills of the Himalayas. They are considered to have reached the Brahmaputra valley via Tibet and settled in the foothills of the eastern Himalayan range which includes the whole of Assam, Tripura, North Bengal and parts of Bangladesh. That the Bodo-Kacharis were early colonizers of the river valleys is taken from the fact that most of the rivers in the Brahmaputra valley today carry Tibeto-Burman names---Dibang, Dihang, Dikhou, Dihing etc.---where di- means water in Tibeto-Burman.
[edit] Groups
Based on an 1881 census, there were 18 groups within the Kachari classification.
- Bodo
- Chutiya
- Dhimal
- Dimasa
- Garo
- Hajong
- Hojai
- Lalung
- Madani
- Mahalia
- Mech
- Moran
- Phulgaria
- Rabha
- Rajbangshi (Koch)
- Saraniya
- Solaimiya
- Tipra
Some of the groups, such as Chutiya, Moran, Saraniya and Koch consider themselves as lower caste Hindus. Other groups, such as the Garo, Rabha, Lalung and Hajong, having been isolated from the parental stock, have established separate identities. With the exception of the Garo, which is still matrilinial society, the other groups have given up the rules of matrilinial society.
The Mech in Western Assam, the Bodo in central Assam, the Dimasa and Hojai to the north of Cachar Hills, and the Sonowal and Thengal in the eastern part of the Brahmaputra now represent the Kachari.
The Tripuri, Chutiya and the Dimasa had established powerful kingdoms in the past. The Tripuri Kings had even defeated the mughals and the Burmese kingdoms in the past. Today, the Bodos , the Tripuris and the Garos have established a strong political and ethnic identity and are developing their language and literature.
[edit] References
- Endle, Sidney (1911) The Kachari, London
- Basu, Analabha, et al (2003) Ethnic India: A Genomic View, With Special Reference to Peopling and Structure, Genome Research 13:2277-2290
