Bharat Mata

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

You have new messages (last change).
This article is about the national personification of India. For the Hindi film Mother India, see Mother India.
Bharathamba
Bharathamba

Bharat Mata (Hindi, भारत माता, Bhārat Mātā), that is, the Mother India or Bharathamba (Bharat - India, Mata - Mother) is a personification of India as a mother goddess. She is usually depicted as a woman clad in a orange/saffron saree holding a flag.

Contents

[edit] Worship

An ancient Hindu verse some see as glorifying her as a goddess is:

Ratnakaradhautapadam Himalyakirtitinim (I)
Brahmarajarsiratnamdhyam vande Bharatamataram (II)

[edit] In Sanskrit (transliterated)

Namaste Sadaa Vatsale Matrbhume,
Twya Hindubume Sukham Vardhitoʃham.
Mahamangle Punyabhume Twdarthe, Patatesh kaayo namaste namaste. (1)

Prabho shaktiman Hindurashtrangbhutaa, Ime saadaran twaan namaamo vayam.
Twdeeyaay kaaryaay baddhaa kateeyam, shubhaamaashishan dehi tatpoortaye.
Ajayyaan cha vishawasya deheesh shaktim, susheelanjagad yen namram bhavet.
shrutenchev yat kantakaakeernamaargam, swayam sweekrtan nas sugamkaaryet.(2)

Samutkarsh nishshreyaseikamugram,
param saadhanan naam veerbrtam.
tadantas sphurtwkshaya dhyenishtha, hridyant prajaagartu teevranisham.
vijetree cha nas sanhtaa kaaryashaktir, vidhayasya dharmasya sanrakshanam.
paramvaibhavan netumetat swarashtram, samarthaa bhavatwaashishaa te bhrsham.(3)

BHARAT MATA KI JAY

[edit] English translation

Forever I bow to thee, O Loving motherland! O Motherland of us Hindus, Thou has brought me up in happiness. May my life, O great and blessed Holy land, be laid down in Thy cause. I bow to Thee, again and again. (1)

We, the children of the Hindu Nation, bow to Thee in reverence, O Almighty God. We have girded up our loins to carry on Thy work. Give us Thy holy blessings for its fulfilment. O Lord! Grant us such might as no power on earth can ever challenge, such purity of character as would command the respect of the whole world and such knowledge as would make easy the thorny path that we have voluntarily chosen. (2)

May we be inspired with the spirit of stern heroism,which is the sole and ultimate means of attaining the highest spiritual bliss with the greatest temporal prosperity. May intense and everlasting devotion to our Ideal ever inspire our hearts. May our victorious organised power of action, by Thy Grace, fully protect our dharma and lead this nation of ours to the highest pinnacle of glory. (3)

[edit] History

The sacredness of the mother and the motherland first occurs in Valmiki Ramayana, where Rama exclaims: "jananI janmabhUmischa swargAdapi garIyasi", the mother and the mother land are more significant than heaven itself.

Typical depiction of Bharat Mata by Abanindranath Tagore
Typical depiction of Bharat Mata by Abanindranath Tagore

The image of Bharat Mata in modern times emerged with awakening of India in late 19th century. A play "Bharat Mata" by Kiran Chandra Bandyopadhyay, was first performed in 1873. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay's Anand Math introduced the hymn Vande Mataram which soon became the song of the emerging freedom movement in India. Abanindranath Tagore portrayed Bharat Mata as a four armed goddess wearing saffron colored robes, holding a book, paddy, a mala and a white cloth.

[edit] Temples of Bharat Mata

  1. In 1936, a Bharat Mata temple was built in Benaras by Shiv Prashad Gupt and was inaugurated by none less than Mahatma Gandhi. The temple is dedicated to Mother India and not any member of the Hindu pantheon.The temple contains no image of any god or goddess. It has a huge relief map of the Indian sub-continent showing all its rivers, mountains and pilgrimages. Mahatma Gandhi said, "I hope this temple, which will serve as a cosmopolitan platform for people of all religions, castes and creeds including Harijans, will go a great way in promoting religious unity, peace and love in the country." In the Mahatma's speech we see a concern for the universal mother, not restricted to the mother that is India but the mother that is the earth.
  2. Bharat Mata temple in Haridwar, built by Swami Satyamitranand Giri. Consecration of this temple took place on 15 May 1983. Here, Bharat Mata holds a milk urn in one hand and sheaves of grain in the other, which signify the nurture provided by the mother as a baby and as an adult.

There are many other smaller shrines of Bharat Mata for example at Vrindavan, Daulatabad Fort etc.

[edit] See also

[edit] Further reading

  • Hindu Goddesses: Vision of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Traditions (ISBN 81-208-0379-5) by David Kinsley

[edit] External links


Hinduism | Hindu mythology | Indian epic poetry
Female Deities: Saraswati | Lakshmi | Dakshayani | Gayatri | Parvati | Durga | Shakti | Kali | Sita | Devi | Radha | Mahavidya | more...
Male Deities: Brahma | Vishnu | Shiva | Rama | Krishna | Ganesha | Murugan | Hanuman | Indra | Surya | more...
Texts: Vedas | Upanishads | Puranas | Ramayana | Mahabharata | Rigveda
This box: view • talk • edit
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org../../../b/h/a/Bharat_Mata_872d.html"
In other languages