Bergius process

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The Bergius Process is a method of getting liquid hydrocarbons for use as synthetic fuel from lignite by hydrogenation. It was first discovered by Friedrich Bergius in 1921.

[edit] The Process

  1. Grind lignite coal to the fineness of dust. Mix dust in heavy oil (from process) - The composition of the mixture depends on the oil used and is calculated from the reaction
      n{\rm C} + (n+1){\rm H}_2 \rarr {\rm C}_n{\rm H}_{2n+2}
  1. Add a little tin or nickel oleate catalyst. The coal dust/oil mixture is pumped into a converter.
  2. First reaction occurs when the mixture is at 400°-450.C and 200-250 atm pressure hydrogen feed in reactor. This reaction produces heavy oils & middleoils & gasoline.petrol is produced about 60%
  3. Middle oil is mixed with H2 to form gasoline
  4. Light oils are produced in the gas phase with vanadium(?) catalyst hydrogenation in a second reactor at same pressure and temperature as the first reactor. This produces mainly gasoline level hydrocarbons of high octane rating.

[edit] See also

[edit] External links


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