Batucada

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Batucada is a substyle of samba and refers to an African influenced Brazilian percussive style, usually performed by an ensemble. It is considered by some to be the epitome of the percussive ensemble. Batucada is characterized by its repetitive style and fast pace.

The wide variety of instruments used in a batucada include:

repinique, a high-pitched tom-tom whose player is traditionally the leader of the ensemble
surdo, a large drum with an average size of 20 inches (50 cm) in diameter. It provides the downbeat, the bass downbeat of the rhythm. When only one surdo is playing, it accentuates the 2nd and 4th beat of every measure. When a second surdo is playing, it is tuned slightly higher and is played accentuating the first and third beats of the measure.
tamborim, a small drum usually played with a stick or a multi-pronged plastic beater
bells (agogo, bongo, and cowbell)
caixa, a thin snare drum
cuica, a single headed drum with a stick mounted inside the drum body, perpendicular to the head. The instrument is played by rubbing a damp cloth along the length of this stick, while pressing the head of the drum with a finger or thumb. The closer to the stick the finger is pressed, the higher the pitch of the sound is produced. The cuica creates a unique sound, which can sometimes sound like a human voice.
timba, a long drum that is used to produce low tones in the ensemble. It is usually played with one hand on the head, and the other beating the body of the drum.
pandeiro, similar to a tambourine and played elaborately with the hand. Unlike the tambourine, the pandeiro can be tuned.
reco-reco (known in Spanish as the guiro), a usually hollow wooden instrument with a ridged exterior surface that is scraped with a stick
apito, a small wooden whistle