Battle of Atbara

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Battle of Atbara

Date	April 8, 1898
Location	At the confluence of the Nile and Atbara rivers, Sudan
Result	British/Egyptian victory

Combatants

United Kingdom

Egypt

Mahdist Sudan

Commanders

Horatio Herbert Kitchener

Mahmud
Osman Digna

Strength

14,000 troops

12,000 infantry
3,000 cavalry

Casualties

British: 26 killed
99 wounded
Egyptian: 57 killed
386 wounded

3,000 killed and wounded
2,000 captured

Battles of the Mahdist War
El Obeid – El Teb – Tamai – Khartoum – Abu Klea – Toski – Ferkeh – Atbara – Omdurman – Umm Diwaykarat

The Battle of Atbara was a part of the Second Sudan War as Anglo-Egyptian forces crushed 15,000 Sudanese Rebels, called Mahdists or Dervishes. The Battle proved to be the turning point in the conquest of Sudan by a British and Egyptian coalition.

By 1898, the combined British and Egyptian army was advancing down the Nile river into Sudan. The Sudanese Mahdist leader, the Khalifa Abdula ordered the Amir Mahmud Ahmad and his 10,000 strong army of the West Sudan northward towards the junction of the Nile and Atbara rivers to engage the British and Egyptian army led by Herbert Kitchener. Encamping on the banks of the Atbara river by March 20, Mahmud, with Osman Digna's group of Dervish warriors were within 20 miles of the British camp outpost at Fort Atbara on the Nile-Atbara junction. On April 4, after seeing that the Mahdists were unwilling to attack, Kitchener quitely advanced with the British and Egyptian army towards the Mahdist fortified camp just outside the town of Nakheila.

The British attack began at 6:20 am on April 8, 1898 where two brigades, the British Brigade led by William Gatacre, and the Egyptian Brigade led by Archibald Hunter, led the attack. After a brief artillery bombardment of the Mahdist camp, the combined British and Egyptian brigades attacked. Soon, the British and Egyptian troops were in the Mahdist camp fighting often hand-to-hand with the Mahdist warriors. After 45 minutes, the battle was over as the Osman Digna, led a few thousand warriors on a retreat to the south, while most of the remainder were killed or captured, including Mahmud who was captured by loyal Sudanese troops of the Egyptian Brigade.