Béla Guttmann

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Béla Guttmann
Personal information
Full name Béla Guttmann
Date of birth
Place of birth    Budapest, Hungary
Date of death    August 28, 1981
Playing position Midfielder / Defender
Youth clubs
1917-19 Törekvés
Senior clubs1
Years Club App (Gls)*
1919-21
1922-26
1926
1926-28
1928-29
1930
1931
1932		 MTK Hungária FC
SC Hakoah Wien
Brooklyn Wanderers
New York Giants
New York Hakoah
Hakoah All-Stars
New York Soccer Club
Hakoah All-Stars






   
National team2
1921-24 Hungary 6 (1)
Teams managed
1932-33
1933-34
1938-39
1945
1946
1946-47
1947-48
1949-50
1950-52
1953-55
1955-56
1957
1957-58
1958-59
1959-62
1962
1963
1964
1965-66
1966-67
1967
1973-74		 SC Hakoah Wien
SC Enschede
Újpest FC
Vasas SC
CS Chinezul
Újpest TE
Kispest AC
Calcio Padova
U.S. Triestina Calcio
AC Milan
Vicenza Calcio
Honvéd
São Paulo FC
FC Porto
SL Benfica
C.A. Peñarol
APOEL FC
Austria
SL Benfica
Servette FC
Panathinaikos FC
FC Porto

1 Senior club appearances and goals
counted for the domestic league only and
correct as of March 10 2006.
2 National team caps and goals correct
as of March 10 2006.
* Appearances (Goals)

Béla Guttmann (born Budapest, Hungary; died Vienna, Austria, August 28, 1981), also referred to as Guttmann Béla, was a Hungarian footballer and coach. He played as a midfielder for MTK Hungária FC, SC Hakoah Wien, Hungary and several clubs in the United States. However he is perhaps best remembered as a coach and manager of some the world’s leading football teams, including AC Milan, São Paulo FC, FC Porto, SL Benfica and C.A. Peñarol. His greatest success came with SL Benfica when he guided them to two successive European Cup wins in 1961 and in 1962.

Together with Márton Bukovi and Gusztáv Sebes, Guttmann formed a triumvirate of radical Hungarian coaches who pioneered the 4-2-4 formation and he is also credited with mentoring Eusébio. However throughout his career he was never far from controversy. Widely travelled, as both a player and coach, he rarely stayed at a club longer then two seasons, and was quoted as saying the third season is fatal. He was sacked at AC Milan while they were top of Serie A and he walked out on SL Benfica after they refused to pay him more money, leaving the club with a curse as he left. He also earned a reputation for his self confidence and his brash style, leading to comparisons with Jose Mourinho [1]. Conflicting sources have give Guttman’s birth date as either January 27, 1899 March 13, 1900, or January 26, 1905. Although born in Hungary, he became a naturalised Austrian and was buried in Vienna.

Contents

[edit] Playing Career

[edit] Club Career

Guttmann was a prominent member of the MTK Hungária FC team of the early 1920s. Playing alongside Gyula Mándi, he helped MTK win Hungarian League titles in 1920 and 1921. In 1922 he moved to Vienna to escape the anti-semitism of the Admiral Horthy regime and joined the all-Jewish club SC Hakoah Wien. In 1925 he won another league title when Hakoah won the Austrian League. In April 1926 the SC Hakoah Wien squad sailed to New York to begin a ten-match tour of the United States and on May 1 a crowd of 46,000 watched them play an American Soccer League XI at the Polo Grounds. The ASL team won 3-0.

Following the tour Guttmann and several of his teammates, including Rudolph Nickolsburger, decided to stay on in the US. After initially playing for Brooklyn Wanderers, he signed for the New York Giants of the American Soccer League, playing 83 games and scoring 2 goals over two seasons. In 1928 he joined New York Hakoah, a team made-up of former SC Hakoah Wien players, including Nickolsburger, and in 1929 he helped them win the U.S. Open Cup. After a merger with Brooklyn Hakoah, they became the Hakoah All-Stars in 1930. In 1931 Guttman rejoined the Giants, now known as the New York Soccer Club, but was back at the All-Stars by 1932 where he finished his career as a player. As well as playing football, while in New York, Guttmann also bought into a speakeasy and almost lost everything after the Wall Street Crash.

[edit] Hungarian International

Between 1921 and 1924 Guttman also played six times for Hungary, scoring on his debut on June 5 1921 in a 3-0 win against Germany. Later in the same month he also played against a Southern Germany XI. His remaining four appearances all came in May 1924 in games against Switzerland, Saarland, Poland and Egypt. The latter two were at the Olympic Games in Paris. During the preparations for the competition Guttmann objected to the fact that there were more officials than players in the Hungary squad. He also complained that the hotel was more suitable for socialising then match preparation and to demonstrate his disapproval he hung dead rats on the doors of the travelling officials.

[edit] Coaching Career

[edit] A Return to Europe

Guttmann returned to Europe in 1932 and in the years before the outbreak of the Second World War he coached teams in Austria, The Netherlands and Hungary . After spells with his former club SC Hakoah Wien and then SC Enschede, he had his first serious success with Újpest FC in the 1938-39 season, winning the Hungarian League and the Mitropa Cup. How Guttman spent the war years in unclear. Although his elder brother died in a concentration camp, Guttmann himself is said to have escaped to Switzerland where he was interned.

After the war Guttmann briefly took charge at Vasas SC, before joining CS Chinezul in Romania. Due to food shortages, Guttman insisted his salary be paid in vegetables. He subsequently walked out on the Romanian club after a director attempted to intervene in team selection. He then rejoined Újpest FC then known as Újpesti TE, and won another Hungarian League title before succeeding Ferenc Puskás Sr. as coach at Kispest AC. However he fell out with Ferenc Puskás Jr., again over team selection, and once again Guttmann walked.

[edit] Italy

Like many other Hungarian footballers and coaches, Guttmann spent time in Italy. After spells with Calcio Padova and U.S. Triestina Calcio, he was appointed manager of AC Milan in 1953. With a team that included Gunnar Gren, Gunnar Nordahl, Nils Liedholm and Juan Alberto Schiaffino, Guttmann had them top of Serie A nineteen games into his second season in charge when a string of disputes with the board led to his dismissal. He later told a stunned press conference I have been sacked even though I am neither a criminal nor a homesexual. Goodbye. From then on he insisted on a clause in his contract that he could not be sacked if his team were top of the table. He subsequently managed a fourth Italian club Vicenza Calcio.

[edit] South America

Guttmann first went to South America on tour with the Hakoah All-Stars in the summer of 1930. [2]. In 1957 he returned as a coach with the legendary Honvéd team that included Ferenc Puskás, Zoltán Czibor, Sándor Kocsis, József Bozsik, László Budai, Gyula Lóránt and Gyula Grosics. During a tour of Brazil, Honvéd played a series of five games against CR Flamengo, Botafogo and a Flamengo / Botafogo XI.

Guttmann then stayed on in Brazil and took charge of São Paulo FC and with a team that included Dino Sani, Mauro and Zizinho, won the São Paulo State Championship in 1957. It was while in Brazil that he helped popularise the 4-2-4 formation, which had been pioneered by fellow countrymen Márton Bukovi and Gusztáv Sebes, and was subsequently used by Brazil as they won the 1958 FIFA World Cup. Before finally retiring as coach, Guttmann would return to South America to manage C.A. Peñarol, guiding them to the Uruguayan League title in 1962.

[edit] Portugal

In 1958 Guttmann arrived in Portugal and embarked on the most successful spell of his career. He took charge of FC Porto and helped them overhaul a five point lead enjoyed by SL Benfica to win his first of three Portuguese League titles in 1959. The following season he jumped ship and joined SL Benfica. There he promptly sacked twenty senior players, promoted a host of youth players and won the league again in 1960 and 1961. Under Guttmann, SL Benfica, with a team that included Eusébio, José Águas, José Augusto, Costa Pereira, António Simões, Germano and Mário Coluna, also won the European Cup twice in a row. In 1961 they beat FC Barcelona 3-2 in the final and in 1962 they retained the title, coming from 2-0 and 3-2 down to beat Real Madrid 5-3.

Legend has it that Guttmann signed Eusébio after a chance meeting in a barber shop. Seated next to Guttman was one of his successors at São Paulo FC. The Brazilian team were on tour in Portugal and the coach mentioned an outstanding player he had seen while they toured Mozambique who was on his way to their rivals Sporting CP. Within a week Guttman had the government to rescue the player after signing for rivals Sporting CP and signed the then nineteen year old player for SL Benfica. [3].

After the 1962 final Guttmann approached the SL Benfica board of directors and asked for more money but, despite the success he had bought the club, he was turned down. On leaving SL Benfica he allegedly cursed the club, declaring Not in a hundred years from now will a Portuguese team become European Champion and Benfica without me will never win a European Cup . Despite being finalists on six occasions - 1962, 1965, 1968, 1982, 1988 and 1990 - SL Benfica have never won any European competition again. Before the 1990 final, which was played in Vienna, where Guttmann was buried, Eusébio allegedly prayed unsuccessfully at his grave to ask for the curse to broken. FC Porto broke half of that curse by becoming European champions twice.

[edit] Honours

Player

MTK Hungária FC

SC Hakoah Wien

New York Hakoah

Manager

Újpest FC/Újpesti TE

São Paulo FC

FC Porto

SL Benfica

CA Peñarol

[edit] Sources

  • Behind The Curtain - Travels in Eastern European Football: Jonathan Wilson (2006) [4]
  • 50 Years of the European Cup and Champions League: Keir Radnedge (2005) [5]
  • Garrincha: Ruy Castro (2005) [6]

[edit] External links

Preceded by
Miguel Muñoz		 European Cup Winning Coach
1960-61 & 1961-62		 Succeeded by
Nereo Rocco
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