Avilés
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
|
|||||
 Principality of Asturias |
|||||
| Demonym • Spanish • Asturian |
avilesino, avilesina avilesín, avilesina |
||||
| Capital | Avilés | ||||
| Coordinates | |||||
| Judicial district | Avilés | ||||
| Parishes | 6 | ||||
| Population (2005) • Total • Density • % of Asturias |
Rank: 3 83,855 inhabitants 3,282.75 people/km² 7.8 % |
||||
| Area • Total • % of Asturias |
Rank: 71 25.34 km² 0.24 % |
||||
| Highest point | Tabladas, 139 m | ||||
| Postcode | 33401 to 33403 | ||||
| Mayor | Santiago Jesús Rodríguez Vega (PSOE) | ||||
| Town council | 24 seats + the mayor | ||||
| Political parties (elections of 2003) |
10 seats PSOE 4 seats IU 10 seats PP 1 seat ASIA Group |
||||
| Website | http://www.ayto-aviles.es | ||||
Avilés is the third most important city of Asturias, Spain. It is also the name of the municipality which includes the city, which is one of the smallest in the Principality of Asturias. Its length from north to south is 7.5 km, and from east to west it is 6.25 km, giving a total area of 25.34 km². Its main urban centre occupies the flattest land in the municipality, in a land that belonged to the sea, surrounded by small promontories, all of them having an altitude of less than 140 metres. Situated in the estuary of Avilés, in the Northern Central area of the Asturian coast, west of Peñes Cape, it has an important national seaport and industrial city. It is close to popular beaches such as Salinas.
Contents |
[edit] Climate
The area experiences Atlantic, warm summers with both overcast and sunny days. In winter the weather is moderate, with significant rains and wind, although sometimes the cold climate of Asturias results in snowfall at sea level. The temperature is rarely below zero or over 30ºC.
[edit] History
The few Protohistoric remnants are important enough to demonstrate that there has been a settlement in the area whose existence is known since the year 905 . The name "Avilés" is thought to come from a Roman possessor, Abilius. The first well known document is an endowment of two churches by Asturias King Alfonso III, in 905. During the Middle Ages, it was one of the most important ports of the Biscay Bay, trading mainly with French ports, the main trade was salt. At this time, it was comprised of two nuclei: a fishermen's district, Sabugo, and the aristocratic centre, La Villa, standing each other across a small water inlet at the site of present-day Avilés. La Villa was surrounded by strong walls, which demonstrated its strategic and commercial importance. In 1479 (on January the 15th) the Catholic Kings otorgued a free market on each Monday of the year, which still takes place nowadays. The importance of the town as a naval centre is supported by the building of ships with wood harvested from nearby forests, and with the participation of local sailors in the conquest of Seville by the Castilian army, which is reflected in Aviles' coat of arms.
It is the birthplace of Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, a soldier on the army of Felipe II, who explored Florida in the 16th century and founded in 1565 the first European town in what is now the United States, San Agustin (now St. Augustine, Florida). It is also the birthplace of Juan Carreño Miranda, court painter to the king Carlos II.
The estuary, which had been closed to navigation since the early modern era, was partially drained and cleared in the 19th century. The water inlet dividing the place was covered, so that the two parts, Sabugo and La Villa, could be joined together. Then the city began to grow outside the medieval wall, which had been demolished in 1818. In the 20th century, there was an enormous growth in population due to the arrival of several large factories to the town. In 1953 were started the first earthworks for the construction of the factory of ENSIDESA, a large steel mill, currently Aceralia (Arcelor); other companies in the area are Cristalería Española, which together whith ENDASA, currently Alcoa, transformed Avilés into one of Spain's heavy industries centres. Nowadays, the city is trying to focus on new industries and recover its antique flavour.
[edit] Architecture
There are many important monuments, like Santo Tomás de Canterbury old church (from the 13th century) and the church of San Nicolás de Bari (also from the 13th century). Their names demonstrate the influence of medieval foreign trade. There are also civil monuments, like the baroque Palacio de Camposagrado, fortified in its north façade against the English pirates.
[edit] Culture
Its most characteristic cultural event is the Interceltic Festival. That occurs in summer, with people coming from Britany, Ireland, Wales, Scotland, Galicia and Asturias itself.
[edit] Feast and Traditions
- Antroxu (Carnival)
- Feast of the Bollu (the bollu is a local traditional kind of cake)
- Feast of the St. Agustin
[edit] Other cities in the municipality
- La Carriona
- Llaranes
- Miranda
- San Cristóbal
- Villalegre
- Versalles
[edit] Sister cities
- St. Augustine (
Florida - 
United States) - Saint Nazaire (
Bretagne - 
France) - The Ayun (
Western Sahara - 
Morocco) - Cárdenas (
Cuba)
[edit] External links
| edit | Municipalities in Asturias |  |
|---|---|---|
|
Allande | Aller | Amieva | Avilés | Belmonte de Miranda | Bimenes | Boal | Cabrales | Cabranes | Candamo | Cangas de Onís | Cangas del Narcea | Caravia | Carreño | Caso | Castrillón | Castropol | Coaña | Colunga | Corvera de Asturias | Cudillero | Degaña | El Franco | Gijón/Xixón | Gozón | Grado | Grandas de Salime | Ibias | Illano | Illas | Langreo | Laviana | Lena | Llanera | Llanes | Mieres | Morcín | Muros de Nalón | Nava | Navia | Noreña | Onís | Oviedo | Parres | Peñamellera Alta | Peñamellera Baja | Pesoz | Piloña | Ponga | Pravia | Proaza | Quirós | Las Regueras | Ribadedeva | Ribadesella | Ribera de Arriba | Riosa | Salas | San Martín de Oscos | San Martín del Rey Aurelio | San Tirso de Abres | Santa Eulalia de Oscos | Santo Adriano | Sariego | Siero | Sobrescobio | Somiedo | Soto del Barco | Tapia de Casariego | Taramundi | Teverga | Tineo | Valdés | Vegadeo | Villanueva de Oscos | Villaviciosa | Villayón | Yernes y Tameza |
||
