Autosome

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

An autosome is a non-sex chromosome. It is an ordinary paired^[1], of chromosome that is the same in both sexes of a species. For example, in humans, there are 22 pairs of autosomes. The X and Y chromosomes are not autosomal.

Non-autosomal chromosomes are usually referred to as sex chromosomes, allosomes or heterosomes. An autosomal dominant gene is one on an autosome that is always expressed, even if a single copy exists. The chance is 1 in 2 (50%) for passing this autosomal dominant gene to a particular offspring. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans (44 autosomes, 2 sex chromosomes).

Contents 1 Uses 2 Notes 3 See also 4 External links

[edit] Uses

CODIS uses Autosomal DNA markers for its genetic databases, these markers are;

• AMEL (AMELX, AMELY)
• D3S1358
• vWA
• FGA aka FIBRA
• D8S1179
• D21S11
• D18S51
• D5S818
• D13S317
• D7S820
• D16S539
• TH01
• TPOX
• CSF1PO

Additional marker systems tested for commonly include [1];

• CCR5
• D2S1338
• D19S433
• F13A01
• F13B
• LPL
• Penta B
• Penta C
• Penta D
• Penta E
• SE33 aka ACTBP2

[edit] Notes

1.There are a total of 22 autosomes and 2 unpaired chromosomes in a gamete.Tobegreat 19:32, 24 March 2007 (UTC)

1. ^ In the case of higher ploidy levels than the usual diploid, there will be the same number of an autosome as the ploidy level itself. For example, in a pentaploid, there will be five copies of each autosome.

[edit] See also

• Autosomal dominant
• Autosomal recessive
• CODIS
• Homologous chromosome
• OmniPop

[edit] External links

• Discussion thread on the potential use of autosomal 'Haploblocks' in advanced methods of genetic genealogical testing
• ENFSI autosomal DNA database allele population frequency calculator
• CSFS autosomal DNA database allele population frequency calculator