Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas
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| Archibald Douglas | ||
|---|---|---|
| Earl of Douglas | ||
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| Seal of the 4th Earl of Douglas | ||
| Titles | Duke of Touraine Earl of Wigtown Lord of Galloway Lord of Annandale Lord of Bothwell Lord of Liddesdale |
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| Born | 1372 | |
| Scotland | ||
| Died | 1424 | |
| killed at Verneuil-sur-Avre | ||
| Buried | Cathedral of St Gatien, Tours, France | |
| Predecessor | Archibald Douglas, 3rd Earl of Douglas | |
| Successor | Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Douglas | |
| Issue | Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Douglas Elizabeth Douglas William Douglas James Douglas |
|
| Dynasty | Douglas | |
| Father | Archibald Douglas, 3rd Earl of Douglas | |
| Mother | Joanna de Moravia, Lady of Bothwell | |
Archibald Douglas The Tyneman (Old Scots, loser), Duke of Touraine , Earl of Douglas,and Wigtown, Lord of Annandale, Galloway 13th Lord of Douglas,(1372-1424), was a Scottish nobleman. He was the eldest son of Archibald Douglas, 3rd Earl of Douglas and Joan Moray.
In 1400 the Earl of March and Henry 'Hotspur' Percy had laid waste to eastern Scotland as far as Lothian. Douglas, who held the office of Lord Warden of the Marches, defeated them near Preston.
With the regent, Albany, he was suspected of complicity in the murder, in March 1402, of David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay, who was in their custody at Falkland Castle, but both were officially declared guiltless by parliament. In that year Douglas raided England but was wounded, losing an eye, at the Battle of Humbleton Hill, and was taken prisoner by the Percys. He fought on the side of his captors against the House of Lancaster at Shrewsbury in 1403, and was taken prisoner by the English King Henry IV. He became reconciled during his captivity with the earl of March, whose lands had been conferred on Douglas, but were now, with the exception of Annandale, restored.
Douglas returned to Scotland in 1409, but was in constant communication with the English court for the release of the captive King James I.
George Lauder of Haltoun, with others, was a witness to a charter of reconfirmation by Archibald Earl of Wigtoun & Longueville of a previous charter by Archibald 3rd Earl of Douglas to the monastery of Melrose of the Regality of Eskdalemuir, on 16 January 1418.
In 1412 the Earl had visited Paris, when he entered into a personal alliance with John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy, and in 1423 he commanded a contingent of 10,000 Scots sent to the aid of Charles VII against the English. He was made lieutenant-general in the French army, and received the title Duke of Touraine, with remainder to his heirs-male, on 19 April 1424.
The newly created French duke was defeated and slain at Verneuil on August 17, 1424, along with his second son, James, and son-in-law John Stewart, 2nd Earl of Buchan. Douglas was buried in Tours Cathedral, where his mausoleum is on display.
[edit] Marriage and issue
In 1390 he married Lady Margaret (d.1451), eldest daughter of John Stewart, Earl of Carrick, who later became King Robert III. Of their children:
- Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Douglas, and Wigton, &c., (1390-1439), who succeeded to the earldom.
- Elizabeth (d. circa 1451), who married first John Stewart, 2nd Earl of Buchan, secondly Thomas Mar, son of Alexander Stewart, Earl of Mar, and thirdly William Sinclair, 3rd Earl of Orkney (d.1480).
- William Douglas (b. before 1401)
- James Douglas (d. August 17, 1424)
| Peerage of Scotland | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Archibald Douglas |
Earl of Douglas 1400–1424 |
Succeeded by Archibald Douglas |
[edit] References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
- Crawfurd's Peerage, (p.91)
- thepeerage.com
