Archbishop of York
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- See also: List of Archbishops of York
The Archbishop of York is the metropolitan bishop of the Province of York, and is the junior of the two archbishops of the Church of England, after the Archbishop of Canterbury. Since 5 October 2005, the incumbent is the Most Reverend John Sentamu; he signs himself Sentamu Ebor: (Sentamu is actually his Christian name and "Ebor:" is an abbreviation of Eboracum, the Latin name for York).
The archbishop's throne is in York Minster in central York and his official residence is Bishopthorpe Palace in the village of Bishopthorpe, outside York.
The Province of York includes the 12 Anglican Dioceses north of the Midlands as well as the Diocese of Southwell (Nottinghamshire) and the Diocese of Sodor and Man (the Isle of Man). The Archbishop is also a member ex officio of the House of Lords.
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[edit] History
[edit] Roman
There was a bishop in York from very early Christian times. Bishops of York were particularly present at the Councils of Arles and Nicaea. However, this early Christian community was later blotted out by the pagan Saxons and there is no line of descent from these bishops to the post-Augustinian ones.
[edit] Saxon, Viking and Medieval
The diocese was refounded by Paulinus (a member of Augustine's mission) in the 7th century. Notable among these early bishops is Wilfrid. These early bishops of York acted as diocesan rather than archdiocesan prelates until the time of Ecgbert of York, who received the pallium from Pope Gregory III in 735 and established metropolitan rights in the north. Until the Danish invasion the archbishops of Canterbury occasionally exercised authority, and it was not till the Norman Conquest that the archbishops of York asserted their complete independence.
At the time of the Norman invasion York had jurisdiction over Worcester, Lindsey, and Lincoln, as well as the dioceses in the Northern Isles and Scotland. But the first three sees just mentioned were taken from York in 1072. In 1154 the suffragan sees of the Isle of Man and Orkney were transferred to the Norwegian archbishop in Nidaros (today's Trondheim), and in 1188 all the Scottish dioceses except Whithorn were released from subjection to York, so that only the dioceses of Whithern, Durham, and Carlisle remained to the Archbishops as suffragan sees. Of these, Durham was practically independent, for the palatine bishops of that see were little short of sovereigns in their own jurisdiction. Sodor and Man were returned to York during the fourteenth century, to compensate for the loss of Whithorn to the Scottish Church.
Several of the archbishops of York held the ministerial office of Lord Chancellor of England and played some parts in affairs of state. As Peter Heylyn (1600–1662) wrote: "This see has yielded to the Church eight saints, to the Church of Rome three cardinals, to the realm of England twelve Lord Chancellors and two Lord Treasurers, and to the north of England two Lord Presidents." The bishopric's role was also complicated by continued conflict over primacy with the see of Canterbury.
[edit] Reformation
At the time of the Reformation York possessed three suffragan sees, Durham, Carlisle, and Sodor and Man, to which during the brief space of Queen Mary I's reign (1553-1558) may be added the Diocese of Chester, founded by Henry VIII, but subsequently recognized by the Pope.
Until 1559, the bishops and archbishops were in Communion with the Pope in Rome. This is no longer the case as the Archbishop of York together with the rest of the Church of England is part of the Anglican Communion.
Walter de Grey purchased York Place in London, which after the fall of Thomas Cardinal Wolsey, was to become the Palace of Whitehall.
[edit] See also
Saxon to Norman
Paulinus1 · Chad1 · Wilfrid1 · Bosa1 · John of Beverley1 · Wilfrid II1 · Egbert2 · Ethelbert · Eanbald I · Eanbald II · Wulfsige · Wigmund · Wulfhere · Ethelbald · Hrotheweard · Wulfstan · Oskytel · Edwald · Oswald · Ealdwulf · Wulfstan II · Aelfric Puttoc · Cynesige
Norman to Reformation
Aldred · Thomas of Bayeux · Gerard · Thomas of York · Thurstan · William FitzHerbert · Henry Murdac · William FitzHerbert · Roger de Pont L'Evêque · Geoffrey Plantagenet · Walter de Gray · Sewal de Bovil · Godfrey Ludham · Walter Giffard · William de Wickwane · John le Romeyn · Henry of Newark · Thomas of Corbridge · William Greenfield · William Melton · William Zouche · John of Thoresby · Alexander Neville · Thomas Arundel · Robert Waldby · Richard le Scrope · Henry Bowet · John Kempe · William Booth · George Neville · Lawrence Booth · Thomas Rotherham · Thomas Savage · Christopher Bainbridge · Thomas Wolsey
Reformation to present
Edward Lee · Robert Holgate · Nicholas Heath · Thomas Young · Edmund Grindal · Edwin Sandys · John Piers · Matthew Hutton · Tobias Matthew · George Montaigne · Samuel Harsnett · Richard Neile · John Williams · Accepted Frewen · Richard Sterne · John Dolben · Thomas Lamplugh · John Sharp · William Dawes · Lancelot Blackburne · Thomas Herring · Matthew Hutton · John Gilbert · Robert Hay Drummond · William Markham · Edward Venables-Vernon-Harcourt · Thomas Musgrave · Charles Thomas Longley · William Thomson · William Connor Magee · William Dalrymple Maclagan · Cosmo Lang · William Temple · Cyril Forster Garbett · Arthur Michael Ramsey · Frederick Donald Coggan · Stuart Yarworth Blanch · John Stapylton Habgood · David Hope · John Sentamu
1Bishops of York 2First Archbishop of York
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