Anton Durcovici
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Anton Durcovici (May 17, 1888—December 10, 1951) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian Roman Catholic clergyman, a victim of the Communist regime.
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[edit] Biography
Born in Bad Deutsch Altenburg, Austria, he left for the Romanian Kingdom together with his mother, a widow, and his brother Francisc, and settled in Iaşi (1895). He completed his primary studies and lyceum in Iaşi and in Bucharest, and, in 1906, joined the Roman Catholic seminary.[1] In 1906, he continued his studies in Rome, attending the St. Thomas Aquinas College and the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples (earning degrees in Canon Law, Philosophy and Theology, including two doctorates).[2]
Ordained a priest in 1910, Durcovici returned to Romania, and was appointed, succesively, schoolteacher at the Bucharest seminary and parish administrator in Tulcea.[3] After Romania entered World War I on the Allied side, he was sent to an internment camp — being an Austrian citizen —, until being freed on the orders of King Ferdinand I.[4]
Durcovici became rector of the Bucharest seminary in 1924, and held the office until April 1948, when he was consecrated Bishop of Iaşi by the Apostolic Nuncio to Romania, Bishop Gerald Patrick Aloysius O'Hara.[5]
As a Catholic clergyman, Durcovici had become an adversary of the post-World War II Communist Party authorities, who initially attempted to have him accept a decrease in Papal authority over Romanian Catholics.[6] Placed under surveillance in 1947, he was arrested by the Securitate in late June 1949, while he was visiting the congregation of Popeşti-Leordeni.[7]
He was held in Jilava, then transferred to Sighet prison together with his fellow clergymen Áron Márton and Alexandru Cisar,[8] being the target of torture and deprivations.[9] Stripped naked and exposed to the winter weather, Durcovici died as a result of the treatment[10] and was buried in an unmarked grave.[11] Communist authorities subsequently attempted to erase all evidence of his stay in prison, and most documents were destroyed.[12]
A process of beatification was begun in 1997.[13]
[edit] Notes
- ^ Borrelli; Procesul Comunismului
- ^ Borrelli; Procesul Comunismului
- ^ Borrelli; Procesul Comunismului
- ^ Borrelli; Procesul Comunismului
- ^ Procesul Comunismului
- ^ Borrelli; Procesul Comunismului
- ^ Borrelli; Procesul Comunismului
- ^ Deletant, p.93
- ^ Borrelli; Procesul Comunismului
- ^ Procesul Comunismului
- ^ Procesul Comunismului
- ^ Borrelli
- ^ Borrelli
[edit] References
- (Italian) Antonio Borrelli, Servo di Dio Anton Durcovici. Vescovo e martire
- Dennis Deletant, Communist Terror in Romania, C. Hurst & Co., London, 1999 ISBN 1-85065-386-0
- (Romanian) Procesul Comunismului. Episcopii Romano-Catolici
[edit] External links
| Anti-Communist Metropolitans and Bishops in Romania | ||
|---|---|---|
| Greek Catholic | Vasile Aftenie | Ioan Bălan | Tit Liviu Chinezu | Ioan Dragomir | Ioan Duma | Valeriu Traian Frenţiu | Iuliu Hirtea | Iuliu Hossu | Ioan Ploscaru | Alexandru Rusu | Ioan Suciu | Alexandru Todea | |
| Roman Catholic | Szilárd Bogdánffy | Adalbert Boros | Alexandru Cisar | Anton Durcovici | Imre Erös | Áron Márton | Augustin Pacha | Johannes Scheffler | Joseph Schubert | |
| Orthodox | Grigorie Leu | Nicodim Munteanu | Visarion Puiu | |
