Antonín Zápotocký
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Antonín Zápotocký (December 19, 1884 - November 13, 1957) was Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia from 1948 to 1953 and President of Czechoslovakia from 1953 to 1957.
He was born in Zakolony, near Kladno, Bohemia (then in Austria-Hungary, now in the Czech Republic). His father was Ladislav Zápotocký, one of the founders of the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD), together with Josef Boleslav Pecka-Strahovský and Josef Hybeš.
He was a delegate of the Left Wing of the ČSSD to the Second Comintern Congress, held in Petrograd, July 19 – August 7, 1920. Together with Bohumír Šmeral, he co-founded the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ) when it broke away from the ČSSD in 1921. He was General Secretary of the KSČ from 1922 to 1925. In 1940, he was sent to Sachsenhausen concentration camp, from which he was released in 1945.
Zápotocký became Prime Minister on June 15, 1948, replacing Klement Gottwald, who became President. On March 14, 1953, shortly after his return from Stalin's funeral, Gottwald died, and was succeeded as President by his Prime Minister. Zápotocký stayed in office till his death in Prague in 1957.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Biography
- H. Gordon Skilling, "The Formation of a Communist Party in Czechoslovakia", American Slavic and East European Review, Vol. 14, No. 3 (Oct., 1955), pp. 346-358 DOI:10.2307/3000944
- H. Gordon Skilling, "The Comintern and Czechoslovak Communism: 1921-1929", American Slavic and East European Review, Vol. 19, No. 2 (Apr., 1960), pp. 234-247 DOI:10.2307/3004193
| Preceded by Klement Gottwald |
Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia 1948–1953 |
Succeeded by Viliam Široký |
| Preceded by Klement Gottwald |
President of Czechoslovakia 1953–1957 |
Succeeded by Antonín Novotný |
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| First Republic | Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (1918-1935) • Edvard Beneš (1935-1938) |
| Second Republic | Emil Hácha (1938-1939) |
| Government in exile | Edvard Beneš (1940-1945) |
| Transition to Communism | Edvard Beneš (1945-1948) |
| Communist | Klement Gottwald (1948-1953) • Antonín Zápotocký (1953-1957) • Antonín Novotný (1957-1968) • Ludvík Svoboda (1968-1975) • Gustáv Husák (1975-1989) |
| after the Velvet Revolution | Václav Havel (1989-1992) |
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| First Republic | Karel Kramář • Vlastimil Tusar • Jan Černý • Edvard Beneš • Antonín Švehla • Jan Černý • Antonín Švehla • František Udržal • Jan Malypetr • Milan Hodža • Jan Syrový |
| Second Republic | Jan Syrový • Rudolf Beran |
| Government in exile | Jan Šrámek • Zdeněk Fierlinger |
| Transition to Communism | Zdeněk Fierlinger • Klement Gottwald |
| Communist | Klement Gottwald • Antonín Zápotocký • Viliam Široký • Jozef Lenárt • Oldřich Černík • Lubomír Štrougal • Ladislav Adamec • Marián Čalfa |
| after the Velvet Revolution | Petr Pithart • Jan Stráský |
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