Antiplatelet drug

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

An antiplatelet drug is a member of a class of pharmaceuticals that decreases platelet aggregation and inhibits thrombus formation. They are effective in the arterial circulation, where anticoagulants have little effect.

They are widely used in primary and secondary prevention of thrombotic cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease.

[edit] Choice of antiplatelet drug

A recent review [1] states: "....low-dose aspirin increases the risk of major bleeding 2-fold compared with placebo. However, the annual incidence of major bleeding due to low-dose aspirin is modest—only 1.3 patients per thousand higher than what is observed with placebo treatment. Treatment of approximately 800 patients with low-dose aspirin annually for cardiovascular prophylaxis will result in only 1 additional major bleeding episode."

[edit] Antiplatelet drugs

The most important antiplatelet drugs are:

• Cyclooxygenase inhibitors
  • Aspirin
• Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor inhibitors
  • Clopidogrel (Plavix)
  • Ticlopidine (Ticlid)
• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
  • Cilostazol (Pletal)
• Glycoprotein IIB/IIIA inhibitors (intravenous use only)
  • Abciximab (ReoPro)
  • Eptifibatide (Integrilin)
  • Tirofiban (Aggrastat)
• Adenosine reuptake inhibitors
  • Dipyridamole (Persantine)

[edit] See also

• Anticoagulant drug
• Thrombolytic drug

v • d • e Antithrombotics (thrombolytics, anticoagulants, and antiplatelet drugs) (B01)
Vitamin K antagonists	Acenocoumarol, Clorindione, Dicumarol (Dicoumarol), Diphenadione, Ethyl biscoumacetate, Phenprocoumon, Phenindione, Tioclomarol, Warfarin
Heparin group (Platelet aggregation inhibitors)	Antithrombin III, Bemiparin, Dalteparin, Danaparoid, Enoxaparin, Heparin, Nadroparin, Parnaparin, Reviparin, Sulodexide, Tinzaparin
Other platelet aggregation inhibitors	Abciximab, Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin), Aloxiprin, Beraprost, Ditazole, Carbasalate calcium, Cloricromen, Clopidogrel, Dipyridamole,Eptifibatide, Indobufen, Iloprost, Picotamide, Prasugrel,Prostacyclin, Ticlopidine, Tirofiban, Treprostinil, Triflusal
Enzymes	Alteplase, Ancrod, Anistreplase, Brinase, Drotrecogin alfa, Fibrinolysin, Protein C, Reteplase, Saruplase, Streptokinase, Tenecteplase, Urokinase
Direct thrombin inhibitors	Argatroban, Bivalirudin,Dabigatran, Desirudin, Hirudin, Lepirudin, Melagatran, Ximelagatran
Other antithrombotics	Defibrotide, Dermatan sulfate, Fondaparinux, Rivaroxaban
Non-medicinal	Citrate, EDTA, Oxalate

v • d • e Major Drug Groups
Brain and Nervous system	Analgesics, Anesthetics, Anxiolytics, Antidepressants, Antipsychotics, Anticonvulsants, Nervous system stimulants, Antiemetics, Hallucinogens, Mood stabilizers
Respiratory system	Bronchodilators, Decongestants
Heart and Circulation	Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, Antiarrhythmics, Antianginals, Antihypertensives, Antihyperlipidemics, Anticoagulants, Antiplatelets, Beta blockers, Diuretics, Thrombolytics, Vasodilators
Gastrointestinal tract	Antacids, Antidiarrhoeals, H2-receptor antagonists, Proton pump inhibitors, Laxatives
Muscles, Bones, and Joints	Anti-inflammatories, Antirheumatics, Corticosteroids, Muscle relaxants
Allergy	Antihistamines
Infections and Infestations	Antibiotics, Antivirals, Vaccines, Antiprotozoals, Antifungals, Anthelmintics
Endocrine system	Corticosteroids, Anti-diabetics
Malignant and Immune disease	Anticancer agents, Immunosuppressants
Reproductive system	Hormonal contraception, Fertility agents, Selective estrogen receptor modulators
Skin	Antipruritics