Anterior Lê Dynasty
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[edit] Lê Dai Hanh Hoàng Đế (980-1005)
1. Lê Hoan (940-1005): When the Chinese Song Dynasty menaced Đại Co Việt, with the heir to the throne an infant, the regent empress Duong Thai Hau threw rule of the country to Lê Hoan (940-1005). Lê Hoan then proclaimed himself emperor Lê Đai Hanh Hoàng Đế in 980. He then went with his general, Pham Cu Luong, to meet and battle the coming Song army. One of his victories was at the mouth of the Bạch Đằng River. After the victory, Lê Đại Hanh sent out emissaries to negotiate for peace. Thus the annual show of homage, and offerings to the Celestial Emperor of China is resumed. With Lê Đại Hanh, the southward expedition to Champa began in 990 and again in 994. Che Dong and Che Cai, the 2 successive Cham kings, negotiated with Lê Đại Hanh for peace and agreed to be a Vietnamese vassal state.
2. Lê Đại Hanh succession: Emperor Lê Đại Hanh committed the same error as his predecessor Đinh Tien Hoàng in that he repudiated his oldest son Lê Ngan Tich as heir to the throne. In his will, he gave preference to a younger son, Lê Long Việt. Lê Dai Hanh died in 1005, at the age of 65 and after 25 years of rule.
[edit] Lê Long Viet, Lê Trưng Ton (1005)
Lê Long Việt's reign was very brief; he was assassinated by a coalition of his brothers Lê Ngan Tich, Lê Long Kinh, and Lê Long Đinh who refused to recognize him and out of jealousy. Lê Long Việt's emperor-name was Lê Trưng or (Trang) Ton. After the assassination, all three brothers vied against one another for one throne. Lê Ngan Tich was captured and beheaded while attempting to flee the country. Lê Long Kinh "disappeared" and was never heard from again. The last remaining brother, Lê Long Đinh, took control of the realm and proclaimed himself emperor.
[edit] Lê Ngoa Trieu (1005-1009)
Lê Long Đinh's reign and court was famous for its "lying sessions" when presiding, giving reception etc... gaining him the Lê Ngoa Triệu. Lê Long Đinh's rule was characterized by debaucheries, wild orgies and decadence. Historians compare him to the Roman Emperor Nero as he was well known for his cruelties, not the least of which were sadism and torture (of relatives, prisoners, thieves, beggars, traitors, etc.) in which he loved to participate. The only person under his rule who did not fear or run away from him was Lý Công Uẩn (973-1028), a high-ranking mandarin counselor in the court.
[edit] The arrival of the Posterior Lý Dynasty (1009)
Never before in Vietnam's history had an emperor's rule been so hated as Lê Long Đinh's. The people and peasants at that time were sick and tired of the cruelty which marked his rule. A few counselors and monks were plotting to install a new ruler. When Lê Long Đinh died he left an infant son who was to succeed him, but the court, now heavily under the influence of monks and Buddhism, agreed to enthrone Lý Công Uẩn as the new emperor. As the first emperor of the Lý Dynasty, Lý Công Uẩn would take the emperor-name Lý Thái Tổ, inaugurating a new era in Vietnam's history.
| Preceded by Đinh Dynasty |
Ruler of Vietnam 980-1009 |
Succeeded by Lý Dynasty |
