Antal Bánhidi
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Antal Bánhidi (1903-1994) was a Hungarian aviator.
Bánhidi was born in Szatmárnémeti, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In 1920, he fled Romania by swimming across the Szamos river and arrived in Hungary. He attended the Technical University of Budapest where he assisted in establishing EMESE, the university's flight club. His piloting and engineering talent were recognized and Árpád Lampich taught him how to design airplanes.
In 1929 Bánhidi flew Lampich's "L2 Rome" ultralight plane on a 5000 kilometer journey to Sweden and back for the annual world meeting of university aviators. The flight included 150 km etaps over sea, the plane's 18 horsepower 3-cylinder radial engine lacking the usual redundant set of spark magnets.
In 1930 Antal Bánhidi designed Gerle, a light, universal, two-seater biplane, which was powered by a 100 hp 5-cylinder Genet-Maior radial engine. The plane was suitable for flight schools, light aerobatics, air touring and soarplane towing. About 15 Gerle planes were built in Hungary before the outbreak of World War II.
In 1931, Bánhidi was hired as Chief Technical Advisor for the successful USA - Hungary transatlantic flight of György Endresz and Sándor Magyar. He chose and prepared a modern Lockheed Sirius 8A plane for the voyage.
During February and March of 1933, Bánhidi and floatplane pilot Tibor Bisits became the first aviators to complete a roundtrip along the Mediterranean Sea. Flying "Gerle No. 13", it took 100.5 hours of flight time to complete the 12.500 kilometer journey. Due to sour economic effects of the Great Depression, the expedition was only made possible by the offer of free fuel from Shell and the hospitality of italians in North Africa. Bánhidi's Gerle was filmed by famous desert aviator László Almásy while circling the Great Pyramids without permission. On return Bánhidi wrote and published a book to document the journey.
In the autumn of 1933 Bánhidi made a one-man flight in "Gerle No. 13" from Debrecen to Finland, Sweden and London, aiming to set a touring record while taking advantage of an offer to have the plane's Genet-Maior engine overhauled for free in Coventry. He was able to courier a state medal to Lord Rothermere, a sponsor of the 1931 ocean flight, and then flew to Debrecen non-stop. In 1937 Antal Bánhidi was invited for a two-month south American expedition, where he flew 15.000 kilometers over uncharted Amazonas territory, documented in another book.
On June 26, 1941 Antal Bánhidi, serving as a national guard reservist pilot at the time, became one of the few eye witnesses to the mysterious bombing of Kassa. His Fiat CR-42 biplane fighter was too slow to intercept enemy medium bombers and he was unable to conclusively identify the three attackers from the distance of one kilometer. Blame for the aerial bombing attack was laid on the Soviet Union and the next day Hungary joined Nazi Germany.
After WWII, the USSR banned Hungary from building powered aircraft, thus the aging Antal Bánhidi was put aside, working for decades as a blueprints' corrector for ground vehicle designs. After the fall of communism, he was recognized and honored for his achievements by the the Hungarian government.
