Andrew Pickens (governor)

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This article is about the Governor of South Carolina. For other people named Andrew Pickens, see Andrew Pickens.

Andrew Pickens, Jr. (November 13, 1779 – July 1, 1838) was an American military and political leader who served as the Democratic-Republican Governor of South Carolina from 1816 until 1818.

Pickens was the son of the well-known American Revolutionary general Andrew Pickens (1739–1817). He was born on his father's plantation on the Savannah River in Horse Creek Valley in Edgefield County, South Carolina. He was raised a Presbyterian and educated at the College of New Jersey. Pickens served as a lieutenant-colonel in the U.S. Army during the War of 1812, and returned home to establish a plantation, "Oatlands," in Edgefield County and practice law. He also established a residence, "Halcyon Grove," in the village of Edgefield and married Susannah Smith Wilkinson.

On December 5, 1816, the South Carolina General Assembly elected Pickens as governor by secret ballot. During his term of office, fellow South Carolina politician John C. Calhoun was named U.S. Secretary of War. A program of internal improvements was begun using public funds. Pickens championed the construction of roads and canals. The price of cotton rose to a high point that was not exceeded at any other time in South Carolina during the antebellum period. The city of Charleston was struck with a disastrous yellow fever epidemic. After leaving office, Pickens moved to Alabama and helped negotiate a treaty with the Creek Indians of Georgia. For a period of time around 1829, he lived in Augusta.

Pickens died July 1, 1838, in Pontotock, Mississippi, and was interred at Old Stone Church Cemetery in Clemson, South Carolina.

His son, Francis Wilkinson Pickens (1805–1869) was a U.S. Congressman and the Governor of South Carolina when the state seceded from the Union in 1860.