An Experiment with Time

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An Experiment with time

An Experiment with Time (ISBN 1-57174-234-4), by J. W. Dunne, was published first in March of 1927. Other books by J. W. Dunne are The Serial Universe, The New Immortality, and Nothing Dies.

1 Contents
2 Basic concepts
3 Parallels with other scientific and metaphysical systems
4 See also
5 External links

[edit] Contents

I. Definitions
II. The Puzzle
III. The Experiment
IV. Temporal Endurance and Temporal Flow
V. Serial Time
VI. Replies to Critics

Appendix to the third edition:

I. A Note by Sir Arthur Eddington
II. The Age Factor
III. The New Experiment

Index

[edit] Basic concepts

Dunne's theory, elaborated from years of experiments into precognitive dreams and induced precognitive states, is that in reality all Time is eternally present ie that past, present and future are all happening at the same time. Human consciousness, however, experiences this simultaneity in linear form. Dunne posits that in the dreaming state this way of interpreting Time ceases to be as concrete as when we are awake. Thus we are capable of having what we call precognitive dreams as consciousness finds itself free to roam across past, present and future. From this Dunne posited that we existed on two levels ourselves, both inside and outside Time, thus suggesting the notion of Immortality contained in his later books 'The New Immortality' and 'Nothing Dies'.

The idea that Time (and, by extension, humanity) exists both simultaneously and linearly is a difficult one to grasp. One analogy is that of a book. At any given moment the entirety of a book exists in itself but at any given moment we can only read one page at a time, the other pages, while existing simultaneously with the one we are reading, remaining outside our consciousness. If we could somehow read every page of the book at once, or be able to experience the book in its entirety in a single moment then we would be closer to a real experience of it. Similarly in our lives we are conscious of only one moment in Time, the present, rather than our past, present and future together. The past is remembered but not physically experienced, the future remains unknown.

To achieve the simultaneous awareness of past, present and future would mean a complete reevaluation of the nature of our existence in terms of consciousness, Time and physical reality, something which Dunne argues is the logical conclusion of his work.

[edit] Parallels with other scientific and metaphysical systems

Dunne's theory of Time has parallels in many other scientific and metaphysical theories. The Aboriginal people of Australia, for example, believe that the Dreamtime exists simultaneously in the present, past and future and which is the objective truth of Time, linear time being a creation of human consciousness, and therefore subjective. Kaballism, Taoism and indeed most Mystical Traditions of the world's have always posited that waking consciousness allows awareness of reality and Time in only a limited way and that it is in the sleeping state that the mind can go free into the multi-dimensional reality of Time and Space (eg 'Dreams are the wandering of the spirit through all nine heavens and nine earths' The Secret of the Golden Flower Trans. Richard Wilhelm). Similarly, all Mystery Traditions speak of the immortal and temporal selves which exist simultaneously both within Time and Space and without.

If Dunne's theory were true it could provide an explanation for religious experiences of 'eternity' or 'timelessness' recounted in the works of religious ecstatics and mystics the world over.

In literature, the best analysis of Dunne's theory is in T. S. Eliot's Burnt Norton, from The Four Quartets, which opens with the lines:

      Time present and time past
      Are both perhaps present in time future,
      And time future contained in time past.

J. B. Priestley used Dunne's theory directly in his play Time and the Conways, professing in his introduction that he believed the theory to be true. Other writers contemporaneous to Dunne who expressed enthusiasm for his ideas included Aldous Huxley who was also interested in the expansion of human consciousness to experience Time.

The idea that Time might be experienced differently in Enfolded space is one posited by quantum physicist David Bohm who also believed that consciousness defined how we perceived the world. Bohm, who called for a revolution in human consciousness to free us from the old, Newtonian, mechanistic understanding of the universe, even posited that through a transformation of consciousness Time could possibly cease to exist in the way we perceive it now (cf 'The Ending Of Time' by Jiddu Krishnamurti and Dr David Bohm).

In his book Is There Life After Death (2006) British writer Anthony Peake attempts to update the ideas of Dunne in the light of the latest theories of quantum physics, neurology and consciousness studies.

The 1964 novel FROOMB! by British writer John Lymington refers to and is inspired by some of Dunne's concepts. The protagonist, intended to be scientifically "killed" and revived to bring back an account of Heaven, is instead physically transported into the future, a parallel "time-band." He attempts to communicate with the controller of the experiment through dreams.