Alcázar
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- This article is about Spanish Alcázars. See Alcázar de San Juan for the town in La Mancha, or Alcazar (band) for the article on the pop group.
An alcázar is a Spanish castle, from the Arabic word القصر al qasr meaning palace or fortress. Many cities in Spain have an alcázar.
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[edit] Famous Alcazars
- In the Alcázar of Segovia, Queen Isabella of Castile married King Ferdinand II of Aragon. Built in the 12th century. During the Middle Ages, the alcázar of Segovia was the favorite residence of kings of Castile, and almost each king added new parts to the building, transforming the original fortress into a courtier residence and prolonging the construction of the castle till 16th century, when king Philip II added the conical spires and the slate roofs. A fire in 1862 destroyed part of the roofs, but they were restored in the very same style they were built 300 years ago. It is known that Walt Disney was inspired by the Alcazar de Segovia to create his famous Cinderella Castle.
- The Alcázar of Toledo was used as a military academy in modern times. The famous "Siege of the Alcázar" in the Spanish Civil War refers to the Toledo castle, which was held by the Nationalist Colonel José Moscardó Ituarte against overwhelming Republican forces. Republican forces captured Moscardó's 24-year-old son Luis. On 23 July 1936, they telephoned Moscardó and informed him that either turn over the Alcázar within ten minutes or his son would die. Moscardó did not surrender. Luis was indeed executed, but contrary to widespread belief, not immediately: he was killed exactly one month later, on 23 August. [1]
- The Alcázar of Seville was built in the 1360s by Moorish craftsmen for Pedro of Castile who, with his mistress, Maria de Padilla, lived in and ruled from the Alcazar, and often remodeled. A UNESCO World Heritage site.
- Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos in Córdoba, Spain was a Moorish palace taken over after the Reconquista. Alcázar was the summer home of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella and the site of their meeting with Christopher Columbus before his famous voyage.
Outside Spain, in modern Palermo, Sicily, the district still called the Cassaro corresponds to the area of ancient Punic settlement of Zis, on high ground that was refortified by the Arabs and called القصر al qasr, and further expanded as the site of the later Norman palace.
During the Spanish transition to democracy, the newspaper El Alcázar expressed the views of the búnker, the extreme right that opposed any democratization.
[edit] Cognate names
- Alcàsser is the Valencian name of a Spanish city (province of Valencia).
- Alcácer is the Portuguese version of the word.
- Alcazarquivir is the Spanish name of Al Kasr al Kebir, location of the battle of Al Kasr al Kebir.
[edit] Other meanings
- General Alcazar is also the name of a character featured in many of the Tintin comic books.
- Roberto Alcázar y Pedrín, a comic of the Franco era.
[edit] Notes
- ^ Hugh Thomas, The Spanish Civil War, revised and enlarged edition (1977), New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 0-06-014278-2. p. 324
