Albert S. Burleson

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Albert Sidney Burleson

45th United States Postmaster General
In office March 5, 1913 – March 4, 1921
Preceded by	Frank H. Hitchcock
Succeeded by	Will H. Hays

Born	June 7, 1863 San Marcos, Texas, USA
Died	November 24, 1937 San Marcos, Texas, USA
Political party	Democratic
Profession	Politician

Albert Sidney Burleson (June 7, 1863 – November 24, 1937) was a United States Postmaster General and Congressman. Born in San Marcos, Texas, he came from a wealthy Southern family. His father, Edward Burleson, Jr., was a Confederate officer. His grandfather, Edward Burleson, was a soldier and statesman in the Republic of Texas and early statehood Texas. In his early political career, Burleson represented Texas in the House, where he was active in promoting the development of agriculture.

In 1913 he was appointed Postmaster General by Woodrow Wilson. To his credit, he initiated the parcel post and air mail services, increasing mail service to rural areas. However, Burleson was one of the most reactionary politicians to have served as Postmaster General, and for that reason (and several others) his term is often seen as one of the worst in the history of the post. Burleson persecuted African-Americans in the mail service, segregating workers and firing Southern black postal workers. He drew criticism from labor unions by forbidding postal employees to strike. Business leaders were angered by inefficiency and almost dictatorial heavy-handedness in government control of communications. During World War I, Burleson vigorously enforced the Espionage Act, ordering local postmasters to send to him any illegal or suspicious material that they found. The movement of major radical pamphlets such as Emma Goldman's Mother Earth and Max Eastman's The Masses through the mail was slowed drastically, and often such pamphlets were never delivered. Anti-war material banned from the mail. Albert Burleson's actions as Postmaster General are a prime example of the Red Scare interference with freedom of speech.

In 1919 he became chairman of the United States Telegraph and Telephone Administration and in 1920 chairman of the United States Commission to the International Wire Communication Conference, soon retiring in 1921. Burleson died of a heart attack and is buried in the Oakwood Cemetery in Austin, Texas.

[edit] External links

Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
Albert S. Burleson at Find A Grave
Albert S. Burleson at American Presidents
Albert S. Burleson from the Handbook of Texas Online

Preceded by Frank H. Hitchcock	United States Postmaster General 1913–1921	Succeeded by Will H. Hays
Preceded by Joseph D. Sayers	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 9th congressional district 1899–1903	Succeeded by George F. Burgess
Preceded by George F. Burgess	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 10th congressional district 1903–1913	Succeeded by James P. Buchanan