Advanced Message Queuing Protocol
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The Advanced Message Queuing Protocol is an application layer protocol for messaging, intended to allow commoditisation of messaging implementations in the same way that SMTP has for email.
AMQP was developed from mid-2004 to mid-2006 by JPMorgan Chase & Co., with partners who also developed implementations in C and Java, then documented the protocol as an interoperable specification and assigned to a working group that included Red Hat, Cisco Systems, TWIST, IONA, and iMatix.
AMQP mandates the behaviour of the messaging server and client to the extent that implementations from different vendors are truly interoperable, in the same way as SMTP, HTTP, FTP, etc. have created interoperable systems. Existing attempts to standardise middleware have happened at the API level (e.g. JMS) and this did not create interoperability.
There are at least two publicly available AMQP implementations:
- Qpid, an incubation project of the Apache Foundation, and
- RabbitMQ, an independent open-source implementation in Erlang.
Furthermore, according to JPMorgan Chase & Co., other members of the working group are working on open source implementations, based on their current closed implementations.
