Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud
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| <region> scholar Medieval era |
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| Name: | Abd-Allah ibn Mas'ud |
| Birth: | |
| Death: | 32 AH (652–653) [1] |
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| Influences: | |
| Influenced: | Alqama ibn Qays al-Nakha'i [2] Aswad ibn Yazid [2] Masruq ibn al-Ajda' [2] |
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| 1st millennium AH |
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Abd-Allah ibn Mas'ud (Arabic: عبدالله بن مسعود) (d.ca.652) was the 6th man who converted to Islam after Muhammad started preaching in Mecca. He was also one of the closest companions to Muhammad.
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[edit] Biography
[edit] Muhammad's era
[edit] First encounter with Muhammad
According to Muslim sources, he was a child sheepherder working for Uqbah ibn Abu Mu'ayt and Muhammad was passing by him with Abu Bakr when they asked Abd-Allah to give them some milk from one of the goats. He refused because they were not his goats to give away their milk. So Muhammad asked him if there was a goat that never gave milk and he touched it instantly. The goat produced milk, so they drank milk and ibn Mas'ud asked Muhammad to teach him how to do this. Muhammad said to him (Arabic: إنك غلام معلم), which means you've been taught.
[edit] Life as Muslim
It was not long before Abdullah ibn Masud became a Muslim and offered to be in the service of the Prophet. The Prophet agreed and Abdullah ibn Masud gave up tending sheep in exchange for looking after the needs of the Prophet. Abdullah received a unique training in the household of Muhammad, and it was said of him, "He was the closest to the Prophet in character." It is also related that once, when a young Abd-Allah ibn Mas'ud recited the Qur'an in the Ka'aba, he was mercilessly beaten by the Quraish.
[edit] During Rashidun Caliphates
Ibn Mas'ud held administrative and diplomatic duties under the caliphs Umar ibn al-Khattab (r.634-644) and Uthman ibn Affan (d.656), but he eventually broke with the latter. Some of his well-known disciples in Kufa included Alqama ibn Qays al-Nakha'i, Aswad ibn Yazid and Masruq ibn al-Ajda' [2].
Ibn Mas'ud is especially important for traditions on the interpretation of the Quran, having been present for many revelations. He also deemed triple talaq as a single one. Triple talaq is a controversial Sunni Islamic procedure whereby a husband can divorce his wife by saying to her "talaq, talaq, talaq" ("I divorce you", three times). It is not used in Shi'a jurisprudence, since they deem the talaq to be a procedure rather than a decision.
[edit] Legacy
[edit] Sunni view
Sunnis include him in the Hadith of Learning Qur'an from four people, in which according to the hadith, Muhammad said: "Learn the Qur'an from four persons: Abd-Allah ibn Mas'ud, Salim Mawla Abu-Hudhayfah, Ubayy ibn Kab and Muadh ibn Jabal."
