9th Regiment of Foot

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9th Regiment Of Foot
Active	1751 - 1881
Country	Great Britain, United Kingdom
Type	Infantry
Role	Line Infantry
Nickname	The Holy Boys, The Fighting Ninth
Anniversaries	April 25, Battle of Almansa
Commanders
Current commander	n/a

The 9th Regiment of Foot was a regiment of the British Army from 1751 to 1881.

1 Early history
2 Early Campaigns
3 The Napoleonic Wars
4 Nineteenth Century
5 Successor units
6 Battle honours
- 6.1 Sources
7 See also

[edit] Early history

The title of 9th Foot was awarded in 1751, but the origins of the regiment are with Henry Cornewall's Regiment of Foot raised by James II in 1685 in response to the Monmouth Rebellion.

The regiment fought in the Williamite war in Ireland, seeing action at the Battle of the Boyne and Battle of Aughrim, as well as the siege of Limerick (1690), and siege of Limerick (1691) and siege of Athlone. In the War of the Spanish Succession, the regiment fought in several engagements, including the Battle of Almansa.

[edit] Early Campaigns

During the Seven Years' War the Regiment won its first formal Battle honour as part of the expedition that captured Belle Île from the French in 1761.

In 1762 they sailed with George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albemarle to Cuba and took part in the siege and subsequent capture of Havana. Following the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763 and the end of the war they moved to a posting at St. Augustine, Florida. At this stage their strength was reported as less than 300 out of the approximately 1,000 that had left Great Britain. Out of these only 20 had been killed in action - the remainder of casualties being caused by malaria and Yellow Fever which were so common in the West Indies at the time.

Officer with regimental colour, 9th (the East Norfolk) Regiment of Foot, 1814.

The Regiment remained at St Augustine for the next 6 years, and were described by a reviewing officer as being in a very poor condition.

Following a brief spell in Ireland and the outbreak of War in the American Colonies the Regiment was sent to Canada to become a part of an Expedition under Major General John Burgoyne designed to divide the New England colonies from their neighbors to the south. The Saratoga Campaign that followed ended with the surrender of the entire army, and the regiment then spent 3 years as prisoners of war as part of the Convention Army.

On its return from America the regiment was posted to Norwich in order to recover and recruit up to strength, they spent the next seven years based in the city and on the 31 August 1782 the regiment became the 9th (East Norfolk) Regiment of Foot.

In 1799 the King approved the Regiment’s use of Britannia as its symbol, and the Regiment was expanded to three battalions.

The next period of active service was the unsuccessful Campaign in Flanders under the Duke Of York.

After the Peace of Amiens in 1802 the Regiment was reduced to a single battalion. Soon after the 1st battalion were sent to Ireland for three years of garrison duty, with the 2nd battalion being raised in 1804 in Dorset. In November 1805, shortly after the great Battle of Trafalgar the Regiment suffered a significant tragedy. As the 1st battalion returned from Ireland a storm wrecked the troop transport Ariadne on the northern French coast and almost 300 men were taken prisoner.

The 1st battalion then took part in an expedition to free Hanover from the French. The country had been recently stripped of its forces to take part in the campaign that would climax in the Battle of Austerlitz, in the peace settlement that followed Hanover was ceded to Prussia and the British troops were ordered to return home.

[edit] The Napoleonic Wars

Main article: 9th Regiment of Foot in the Napoleonic Wars

The 9th arrived in the Spanish Peninsula in 1808 and fought at Rolica and Vimiero. Following the retreat from Corunna the 9th buried Sir John Moore and were the last British regiment to leave Spanish soil

Following the disastrous Walcheren expedition to the Low Countries the Regiment returned to the Peninsula and fought at Busaco, Salamanca, Vittoria, San Sebastian and the Nive.

The Regiment was sent to Canada with most of Wellington's veteran units to prevent the threatened invasion by the US, and so arrived in Europe too late for Waterloo. The 1st battalion participated in the Army of Occupation in France, whilst the 2nd was disbanded at the end of 1815.

[edit] Nineteenth Century

The regiment saw action at Kabul in the First Anglo-Afghan War, and in the First Anglo-Sikh War they fought at the Battle of Mudki, Battle of Ferozeshah and the Battle of Aliwal.

In the Crimean War, the regiment fought at the Siege of Sevastopol.

The 2nd battalion was raised once more in 1857, and was landed at Yokohama as part of the British intervention there in the 1860s. The battaliuon saw action on the North-West Frontier in 1877, and then in the Second Anglo-Afghan War fought at Kabul in 1879.

[edit] Successor units

In 1881, following reorganization of the British Army as part of the Childers reforms, the 9th Foot became the Norfolk Regiment; from 1935, this was titled the Royal Norfolk Regiment.

In 1959, the Royal Norfolks, alongside The Suffolk Regiment, were amalgamated into the 1st East Anglian Regiment.

In 1964, the regiment became part of The Royal Anglian Regiment. Currently the successor to the 9th Foot is "A" Company of the 1st Battalion of the Royal Anglians.