61st United States Congress
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The Sixty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1909 to March 3, 1911, during the first two years of the administration of U.S. President William H. Taft.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Twelfth Census of the United States in 1900. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
[edit] Dates of sessions
- Special session of the Senate: March 4, 1909 – March 6, 1909
- First session: March 15, 1909 – August 5, 1909
- Second session: December 6, 1909 – June 25, 1910
- Third session: December 5, 1910 – March 3, 1911 — a lame duck session
Previous congress: 60th Congress
Next congress: 62nd Congress
[edit] Major events
- Main article: Events of 1909; Events of 1910; Events of 1911
July 12, 1909, submission of the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution to the states for ratification. This amendment allowed Congress to tax income from all sources without apportionment.
[edit] Leadership
[edit] Senate
President of the Senate - James S. Sherman
[edit] House of Representatives
[edit] Members
[edit] Senate
- 2. John H. Bankhead (Dem.)
- 3. Joseph F. Johnston (Dem.)
- 3. James P. Clarke (Dem.)
- 2. Jeff Davis (Dem.)
- 3. George C. Perkins (Rep.)
- 1. Frank P. Flint (Rep.)
- 2. Simon Guggenheim (Rep.)
- 3. Charles J. Hughes, Jr. (Dem.) ...died January 11, 1911, seat remained vacant
- 1. Morgan G. Bulkeley (Rep.)
- 3. Frank B. Brandegee (Rep.)
- 1. Henry A. du Pont (Rep.)
- 2. Harry A. Richardson (Rep.)
- 2. James P. Taliaferro (Dem.)
- 3. Duncan U. Fletcher (Dem.)
- 2. Augustus O. Bacon (Dem.)
- 3. Alexander S. Clay (Dem.) ...died November 10, 1910
- Joseph M. Terrell (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, November 17, 1910
- 3. Weldon B. Heyburn (Rep.)
- 2. William E. Borah (Rep.)
- 2. Shelby Moore Cullom (Rep.)
- 3. William C. Lorimer (Rep.)
- 1. Albert J. Beveridge (Rep.)
- 3. Benjamin F. Shively (Dem.)
- 2. Jonathan P. Dolliver (Rep.) ...died October 15, 1910
- Lafayette Young (Rep.) ...appointed to fill vacancy, seated November 12, 1910
- 3. Albert B. Cummins (Rep.)
- 2. Charles Curtis (Rep.)
- 3. Joseph L. Bristow (Rep.)
- 2. Thomas H. Paynter (Dem.)
- 3. William O. Bradley (Rep.)
- 3. Samuel D. McEnery (Dem.) ...died June 10, 1910
- John Thornton (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 10, 1910
- 2. Murphy J. Foster (Dem.)
- 1. Eugene Hale (Rep.)
- 2. William P. Frye (Rep.)
- 1. Isidor Rayner (Dem.)
- 3. John W. Smith (Dem.)
- 1. Henry Cabot Lodge (Rep.)
- 2. Winthrop M. Crane (Rep.)
- 1. Julius C. Burrows (Rep.)
- 2. William A. Smith (Rep.)
- 2. Knute Nelson (Rep.)
- 1. Moses E. Clapp (Rep.)
- 1. Hernando D. Money (Dem.)
- 2. Anselm J. McLaurin (Dem.) ...died December 22, 1909
- James Gordon (Dem.) ...appointed to fill vacancy, seated December 27, 1909, served until February 22, 1910
- LeRoy Percy (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, February 23, 1910
- 3. William J. Stone (Dem.)
- 2. William Warner (Rep.)
- 1. Thomas H. Carter (Rep.)
- 2. Joseph M. Dixon (Rep.)
- 1. Elmer J. Burkett (Rep.)
- 2. Norris Brown (Rep.)
- 3. Francis G. Newlands (Dem.)
- 1. George S. Nixon (Rep.)
- 3. Jacob H. Gallinger (Rep.)
- 2. Henry E. Burnham (Rep.)
- 1. John Kean (Rep.)
- 2. Frank O. Briggs (Rep.)
- 1. Chauncey Mitchell Depew (Rep.)
- 3. Elihu A. Root (Rep.)
- 2. Furnifold M. Simmons (Dem.)
- 3. Lee S. Overman (Dem.)
- 1. Porter J. McCumber (Rep.)
- 3. Martin N. Johnson (Rep.) ...died October 21, 1909
- Fountain L. Thompson (Dem.) ...appointed to fill vacancy, November 10, 1909; resigned January 31, 1910
- William E. Purcell (Dem.) ...appointed to fill vacancy, February 1, 1910
- 1. Charles W. F. Dick (Rep.)
- 3. Theodore E. Burton (Rep.)
- 3. Thomas P. Gore (Dem.)
- 2. Robert L. Owen (Dem.)
- 2. Jonathan Bourne, Jr. (Rep.)
- 3. George E. Chamberlain (Dem.)
- 3. Boies Penrose (Rep.)
- 1. George T. Oliver (Rep.)
- 1. Nelson W. Aldrich (Rep.)
- 2. George P. Wetmore (Rep.)
- 2. Benjamin R. Tillman (Dem.)
- 3. Ellison D. Smith (Dem.)
- 2. Robert J. Gamble (Rep.)
- 3. Coe I. Crawford (Rep.)
- 1. James B. Frazier (Dem.)
- 2. Robert L. Taylor (Dem.)
- 1. Charles A. Culberson (Dem.)
- 2. Joseph W. Bailey (Dem.)
- 3. Reed Smoot (Rep.)
- 1. George Sutherland (Rep.)
- 3. William P. Dillingham (Rep.)
- 1. Carroll S. Page (Rep.)
- 1. John W. Daniel (Dem.) ...died June 29, 1910
- Claude A. Swanson (Dem.) ...appointed to fill vacancy, seated August 1910
- 2. Thomas S. Martin (Dem.)
- 1. Samuel H. Piles (Rep.)
- 3. Wesley L. Jones (Rep.)
- 2. Stephen B. Elkins (Rep.) ...died January 4, 1911
- Davis Elkins (Rep.) ...appointed to fill vacancy, January 9, 1911, served until January 31, 1911
- Clarence W. Watson (Dem.) ...appointed to fill vacancy, seated February 1, 1911
- 1. Nathan Bay Scott (Rep.)
- 1. Robert M. La Follette, Sr. (Rep.)
- 3. Isaac Stephenson (Rep.)
- 1. Clarence D. Clark (Rep.)
- 2. Francis E. Warren (Rep.)
[edit] House of Representatives
- John Lawson Burnett (Dem.)
- Henry De Clayton (Dem.)
- William Benjamin Craig (Dem.)
- Stanley Hubert Dent (Dem.)
- James Thomas Heflin (Dem.)
- Richmond Pearson Hobson (Dem.)
- William Lafayette Richardson (Dem.)
- George Washington Taylor (Dem.)
- Oscar Wilder Underwood (Dem.)
- William Ben Cravens (Dem.)
- John Charles Floyd (Dem.)
- Robert Bruce Macon (Dem.)
- William Allan Oldfield (Dem.)
- Charles Chester Reid (Dem.)
- Joseph Taylor Robinson (Dem.)
- Robert Minor Wallace (Dem.)
- William Fellows Englebright (Rep.)
- Everis Anson Hayes (Rep.)
- Julius Atkinson Kahn (Rep.)
- Joseph Russell Knowland (Rep.)
- Duncan E. McKinlay (Rep.)
- James Brown McLachlan (Rep.)
- James Carson Needham (Rep.)
- Sylvester Clark Smith (Rep.)
- John Andrew Martin (Dem.)
- Atterson Walden Rucker (Dem.)
- Edward Thomas Taylor (Dem.)
- Edward Stevens Henry (Rep.)
- Edwin Werter Higgins (Rep.)
- Ebenezer J. Hill (Rep.)
- Nehemiah Day Sperry (Rep.)
- John Quillin Tilson (Rep.)
- Frank Clark (Dem.)
- Dannite Hill Mays (Dem.)
- Stephen Milancthon Sparkman (Dem.)
- William Charles Adamson (Dem.)
- Charles Lafayette Bartlett (Dem.)
- Thomas Montgomery Bell (Dem.)
- William Gordon Brantley (Dem.)
- Charles Gordon Edwards (Dem.)
- James Mathews Griggs (Dem.)
- Thomas William Hardwick (Dem.)
- William Marcellus Howard (Dem.)
- Dudley Mays Hughes (Dem.)
- Gordon Pelton Lee (Dem.)
- Leonidas Felix Livingston (Dem.)
- Seaborn Anderson Roddenbery (Dem.)
- Ezekiel Samuel Candler (Rep.)
- Pleasant Thomas Chapman (Rep.)
- George Edmund Foss (Rep.)
- Martin David Foster (Dem.)
- Charles Eugene Fuller (Rep.)
- Thomas Holt Gallagher (Dem.)
- Joseph Verdi Graff (Rep.)
- James McMahon Graham (Dem.)
- Frank Orren Lowden (Rep.)
- Frederick Orren Lundin (Rep.)
- Martin Barnaby Madden (Rep.)
- James Robert Mann (Rep.)
- James Thomas McDermott (Dem.)
- William Brown McKinley (Rep.)
- James Brown McKinney (Rep.)
- William James Moxley (Rep.)
- George Washington Prince (Rep.)
- Henry Thomas Rainey (Dem.)
- William August Rodenberg (Rep.)
- Adolph Joachim Sabath (Dem.)
- Howard Malcolm Snapp (Rep.)
- John Allen Sterling (Rep.)
- Napoleon Bonaparte Thistlewood (Rep.)
- William Warfield Wilson (Rep.)
- John Alfred Adair (Dem.)
- William Oscar Barnard (Rep.)
- Henry A. Barnhart (Dem.)
- John William Boehne (Dem.)
- Cyrus De Cline (Dem.)
- William Elijah Cox (Dem.)
- Edgar Dean Crumpacker (Rep.)
- William Allen Cullop (Dem.)
- Lincoln John Dixon (Dem.)
- James Alexander Hemenway (Rep.)
- Charles Alexander Korbly (Dem.)
- Martin Andrew Morrison (Dem.)
- Ralph Wilbur Moss (Dem.)
- George Washington Rauch (Dem.)
- Albert Foster Dawson (Rep.)
- James William Good (Rep.)
- Gilbert Nelson Haugen (Rep.)
- Elbert Hamilton Hubbard (Rep.)
- John Albert Hull (Rep.)
- William Darius Jamieson (Dem.)
- Nathan Edward Kendall (Rep.)
- Charles Augustus Kennedy (Rep.)
- Charles Edgar Pickett (Rep.)
- Walter Inglewood Smith (Rep.)
- Frank Plowman Woods (Rep.)
- Daniel Read Anthony (Rep.)
- William Alexander Calderhead (Rep.)
- Philip Pitt Campbell (Rep.)
- Edmond Haggard Madison (Rep.)
- James Monroe Miller (Rep.)
- Victor Emanuel Murdock (Rep.)
- William Augustus Reeder (Rep.)
- Charles Frederick Scott (Rep.)
- Joseph Bentley Bennett (Rep.)
- James Campbell Cantrill (Dem.)
- Don Calvin Edwards (Rep.)
- Harvey Thomas Helm (Dem.)
- Ollie Murray James (Dem.)
- Ben Romulus Johnson (Dem.)
- John Wesley Langley (Rep.)
- Joseph Lafayette Rhinock (Dem.)
- Joseph Swagar Sherley (Dem.)
- Augustus Owsley Stanley (Dem.)
- Robert Young Thomas (Dem.)
- Robert Foligny Broussard (Dem.)
- Henry Garland Dupré (Dem.)
- Albert Jacob Estopinal (Dem.)
- Samuel Louis Gilmore (Dem.)
- Arsène Paulin Pujo (Dem.)
- Joseph Eugene Ransdell (Dem.)
- John Thomas Watkins (Dem.)
- Robert Charles Wickliffe (Dem.)
- Amos Lawrence Allen (Rep.)
- Edwin Chick Burleigh (Rep.)
- Frank Edward Guernsey (Rep.)
- John Philip Swasey (Rep.)
- James Harry Covington (Dem.)
- John James Gill (Dem.)
- John Alexander Kronmiller (Rep.)
- Sydney Emanuel Mudd (Rep.)
- George Alexander Pearre (Rep.)
- Joshua Frederick Talbott (Dem.)
- Butler Ames (Rep.)
- Eugene Noble Foss (Dem.)
- Augustus Peabody Gardner (Rep.)
- Frederick Huntington Gillett (Rep.)
- William Stedman Greene (Rep.)
- John Austin Keliher (Dem.)
- George Pelton Lawrence (Rep.)
- William Croad Lovering (Rep.)
- Samuel Walker McCall (Rep.)
- John Joseph Mitchell (Dem.)
- Joseph Francis O'Connell (Dem.)
- Andrew James Peters (Dem.)
- Ernest William Roberts (Rep.)
- Charles Quincy Tirrell (Rep.)
- Charles Grenfill Washburn (Rep.)
- John Wingate Weeks (Rep.)
- Edwin Albaugh Denby (Rep.)
- Gerrit John Diekema (Rep.)
- Francis Henry Dodds (Rep.)
- Joseph Warren Fordney (Rep.)
- Washington James Gardner (Rep.)
- Edward La Hamilton (Rep.)
- George Alvin Loud (Rep.)
- James Campbell McLaughlin (Rep.)
- Henry Gordon McMorran (Rep.)
- Samuel William Smith (Rep.)
- Charles Elroy Townsend (Rep.)
- H. Olin Young (Rep.)
- Charles Russell Davis (Rep.)
- Winfield Scott Hammond (Dem.)
- Charles August Lindbergh (Rep.)
- Clarence B. Miller (Rep.)
- Frank Nye (Rep.)
- Halvor Steenerson (Rep.)
- Frederick Stevens (Rep.)
- James Albertus Tawney (Rep.)
- Andrew Volstead (Rep.)
- Eaton Jackson Bowers (Dem.)
- Adam Monroe Byrd (Dem.)
- Ezekiel Samuel Candler (Dem.)
- James William Collier (Dem.)
- William Alexander Dickson (Dem.)
- Benjamin Grubb Humphreys (Dem.)
- Thomas Upton Sisson (Dem.)
- Thomas Day Spight (Dem.)
- Joshua Willis Alexander (Dem.)
- Richard A. Bartholdt (Rep.)
- Charles Ferris Booher (Dem.)
- William Patterson Borland (Dem.)
- James Beauchamp Clark (Dem.)
- Harry Marcy Coudrey (Rep.)
- Charles Augustus Crow (Rep.)
- David Albaugh De Armond (Dem.)
- Clement Cabell Dickinson (Dem.)
- Politte Russell Elvins (Rep.)
- Patrick Francis Gill (Dem.)
- Courtney Walker Hamlin (Dem.)
- James Tilghman Lloyd (Dem.)
- Charles Henry Morgan (Rep.)
- Arthur Phillips Murphy (Rep.)
- William Waller Rucker (Dem.)
- Dorsey William Shackleford (Dem.)
- Charles Nelson Pray (Rep.)
- Edmund Howard Hinshaw (Rep.)
- Gilbert Monell Hitchcock (Dem.)
- Moses Pierce Kinkaid (Rep.)
- James Polk Latta (Dem.)
- John Arthur Maguire (Dem.)
- George William Norris (Rep.)
- George Arthur Bartlett (Dem.)
- Frank Dunklee Currier (Rep.)
- Cyrus Adams Sulloway (Rep.)
- Charles Newell Fowler (Rep.)
- John James Gardner (Rep.)
- James Alphonsus Hamill (Dem.)
- Benjamin Franklin Howell (Rep.)
- William Anthony Hughes (Dem.)
- Eugene Francis Kinkead (Dem.)
- Henry Clay Loudenslager (Rep.)
- Richard Wayne Parker (Rep.)
- William Halsted Wiley (Rep.)
- Ira Wells Wood (Rep.)
- De Alva S. Alexander (Rep.)
- John Emory Andrus (Rep.)
- William Stiles Bennet (Rep.)
- Thomas Wilson Bradley (Rep.)
- William Musgrave Calder (Rep.)
- William Willets Cocks (Rep.)
- Michael Francis Conry (Dem.)
- William Henry Draper (Rep.)
- Daniel Angelus Driscoll (Dem.)
- Michael Edward Driscoll (Rep.)
- Cyrus Garland Durey (Rep.)
- John Wilbur Dwight (Rep.)
- George Winthrop Fairchild (Rep.)
- Jacob Sloat Fassett
- Hamilton Edward Fish (Rep.)
- John Joseph Fitzgerald (Dem.)
- Otto Godfrey Foelker (Rep.)
- Charles Vincent Fornes (Dem.)
- Henry Mayer Goldfogle (Dem.)
- Joseph Aloysius Goulden (Dem.)
- Francis Burton Harrison (Dem.)
- James Smith Havens (Dem.)
- Charles Luman Knapp (Rep.)
- Charles Blakeslee Law (Rep.)
- George Henry Lindsay (Dem.)
- George Roland Malby (Rep.)
- Charles Stephen Millington (Rep.)
- Jacob Van Olcott (Rep.)
- Herbert Wayne Parsons (Rep.)
- Sereno Elisha Payne (Rep.)
- James Breck Perkins (Rep.)
- Daniel Joseph Riordan (Dem.)
- James Samuel Simmons (Rep.)
- George Newell Southwick (Rep.)
- William Adams Sulzer (Dem.)
- Edward Butterfield Vreeland (Rep.)
- William Forte Willett (Dem.)
- Richard Young (Rep.)
- Charles Holden Cowles (Rep.)
- Hannibal Lafayette Godwin (Dem.)
- John Gaston Grant (Rep.)
- Claude Kitchin (Dem.)
- John M. Morehead (Rep.)
- Robert Newton Page (Dem.)
- Edward William Pou (Dem.)
- John Humphrey Small (Dem.)
- Charles Randolph Thomas (Dem.)
- Edwin Yates Webb (Dem.)
- Timothy Thomas Ansberry (Dem.)
- Carl Carey Anderson (Dem.)
- William Albert Ashbrook (Dem.)
- James Henry Cassidy (Rep.)
- Ralph Dayton Cole (Rep.)
- James Middleton Cox (Dem.)
- Matthew Rombach Denver (Dem.)
- Albert Henry Douglas (Rep.)
- Herman Philip Goebel (Rep.)
- David Adams Hollingsworth (Rep.)
- Leonard Paul Howland (Rep.)
- Adna Romulus Johnson (Rep.)
- James Atkinson Joyce (Rep.)
- Joseph Warren Keifer (Rep.)
- James Augustus Kennedy (Rep.)
- Nicholas Tilghman Longworth (Rep.)
- William Graves Sharp (Dem.)
- Isaac R. Sherwood (Dem.)
- Edward Livingston Taylor (Rep.)
- William Aubrey Thomas (Rep.)
- William Ellsworth Tou Velle (Dem.)
- Charles David Carter (Dem.)
- Charles Edward Creager (Rep.)
- Scott Sloat Ferris (Dem.)
- Bird Segle McGuire (Rep.)
- Dick Thompson Morgan (Rep.)
- William Russell Ellis (Rep.)
- Willis Chatman Hawley (Rep.)
- Andrew Jackson Barchfeld (Rep.)
- Charles Frederick Barclay (Rep.)
- Arthur Laban Bates (Rep.)
- Henry Harrison Bingham (Rep.)
- James Francis Burke (Rep.)
- Thomas Stalker Butler (Rep.)
- Joel Francis Cook (Rep.)
- Allen Foster Cooper (Rep.)
- John Wellington Dalzell (Rep.)
- Benjamin Kurtz Focht (Rep.)
- William Walker Foulkrod (Rep.)
- Alfred Buckwalter Garner (Rep.)
- William Harrison Graham (Rep.)
- William Walton Griest (Rep.)
- George Franklin Huff (Rep.)
- Daniel Franklin Lafean (Rep.)
- Jonathan Nicholas Langham (Rep.)
- George Deardorff McCreary (Rep.)
- John Geiser McHenry (Dem.)
- Reuben Osborne Moon (Rep.)
- Joseph Hampton Moore (Rep.)
- Thomas David Nicholls (I/D)
- Marlin Edgar Olmsted (Rep.)
- Alexander Mitchell Palmer (Dem.)
- Henry Wilbur Palmer (Rep.)
- Charles Clarence Pratt (Rep.)
- John Merriman Reynolds (Rep.)
- John Hoover Rothermel (Dem.)
- John Kinley Tener (Rep.)
- Irving Price Wanger (Rep.)
- Nelson Platt Wheeler (Rep.)
- William Bauchop Wilson (Dem.)
- Adin Ballou Capron (Rep.)
- William Paine Sheffield (Rep.)
- Wyatt Charles Aiken (Dem.)
- James Edwin Ellerbe (Dem.)
- David Edward Finley (Dem.)
- Joseph Travis Johnson (Dem.)
- Asbury Francis Lever (Dem.)
- James O'Hanlon Patterson (Dem.)
- Richard Wilson Austin (Rep.)
- Walter Preston Brownlow (Rep.)
- Joseph Wellington Byrns (Dem.)
- Finis James Garrett (Dem.)
- George Washington Gordon (Dem.)
- William Cannon Houston (Dem.)
- Cordell Anthony Hull (Dem.)
- Zachary David Massey (Rep.)
- John Austin Moon (Dem.)
- Lemuel Phillips Padgett (Dem.)
- Thetus Willrette Sims (Dem.)
- James Andrew Beall (Dem.)
- George Farmer Burgess (Dem.)
- Albert Sidney Burleson (Dem.)
- Martin John Dies (Dem.)
- John Nance Garner (Dem.)
- Oscar William Gillespie (Dem.)
- Alexander White Gregg (Dem.)
- Rufus William Hardy (Dem.)
- Robert Lee Henry (Dem.)
- Robert Maclin Lively (Dem.)
- John Matthew Moore (Dem.)
- Choice Boswell Randell (Dem.)
- Gordon James Russell (Dem.)
- Morris Paine Sheppard (Dem.)
- James Luther Slayden (Dem.)
- William Robert Smith (Dem.)
- John Hall Stephens (Dem.)
- Joseph Franklin Howell (Rep.)
- Charles Creighton Carlin (Dem.)
- Henry De Flood (Dem.)
- Carter Louis Glass (Dem.)
- James Chatman Hay (Dem.)
- William Atkinson Jones (Dem.)
- John Franklin Lamb (Dem.)
- Francis Rives Lassiter (Dem.)
- Harry Lee Maynard (Dem.)
- Edward Watts Saunders (Dem.)
- Campbell Bascom Slemp (Rep.)
- Robert Elroy Turnbull (Dem.)
- Francis Wellington Cushman (Rep.)
- William Ewart Humphrey (Rep.)
- William Wallace McCredie (Rep.)
- Miles Edgar Poindexter (Rep.)
- Joseph Holt Gaines (Rep.)
- William Pallister Hubbard (Rep.)
- James Anthony Hughes (Rep.)
- George Cookman Sturgiss (Rep.)
- Harry Chapman Woodyard (Rep.)
- William Joseph Cary (Rep.)
- Henry Allen Cooper (Rep.)
- James Henry Davidson (Rep.)
- John Jacob Esch (Rep.)
- Arthur William Kopp (Rep.)
- Gustav Alexander Küstermann (Rep.)
- Irvine Luther Lenroot (Rep.)
- Elmer Addison Morse (Rep.)
- John Mandt Nelson (Rep.)
- William Henry Stafford (Rep.)
- Charles Herman Weisse (Dem.)
[edit] Delegates
- Alaska Territory
- Arizona Territory
- Hawaii Territory
- New Mexico Territory
[edit] Resident Commissioners
- Benito Legarda y Tuason, Philippine Islands
- Pablo Ocampo, Philippine Islands (resigned November 22, 1909)
- Manuel Luis Quezon, Unionist, Philippine Islands (took office November 23, 1909]]
- Tuilo Larrinaga, Unionist, Puerto Rico
[edit] Officers
[edit] Senate
- Secretary of the Senate:
- Charles G. Bennett of New York, elected February 1, 1900.
- Sergeant at Arms of the Senate:
- Daniel M. Ransdell of Indiana, elected February 1, 1900.
- Chaplain of the Senate
[edit] House of Representatives
- Clerk of the House:
- Alexander McDowell of Pennsylvania, elected March 15, 1909.
- Sergeant at Arms of the House:
- Henry Casson of Wisconsin, elected March 15, 1909.
- Doorkeeper of the House:
- Postmaster of the House:
- Clerk at the Speaker’s Table:
- Asher C. Hinds
- Chaplain of the House
- The Rev. Henry N. Couden, Universalist, elected March 15, 1909.
[edit] Other
- Architect of the Capitol:
- Elliott Woods, appointed February 19, 1902.
[edit] References
- Gould, Lewis L. (2005). The Most Exclusive Club. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books Group. 0-465-02778-4.
- Remini, Robert V. (2006). The House. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. 0-06-088434-7.
- U.S. Congress (2005). Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress. Retrieved on 2006-06-01.
- U.S. House of Representatives (2006). Congressional History. Retrieved on 2006-06-01.
- U.S. Senate (2006). Statistics and Lists. Retrieved on 2006-06-01.
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