51st United States Congress
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The Fifty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1889 to March 3, 1891, during the first two years of the administration of U.S. President Benjamin Harrison.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Tenth Census of the United States in 1880. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
[edit] Dates of sessions
- Special session of the Senate: March 4, 1889 – April 2, 1889
- First session: December 2, 1889 - October 1, 1890
- Second session: December 1, 1890 - March 2, 1891 — a lame duck session
Previous congress: 50th Congress
Next congress: 52nd Congress
[edit] Major events
- Main article: Events of 1889; Events of 1890; Events of 1891
[edit] Major legislation
This Congress was dominated by the Republican Party. It was responsible for a number of pieces of landmark legislation, many of which asserted the authority of the federal government.
Emboldened by their success in the elections of 1888, the Republicans enacted virtually their entire platform during their first 303-day session, including a measure that provided American Civil War veterans with generous pensions and expanded the list of eligible recipients to include noncombatants and the children of veterans. Grover Cleveland had vetoed a similar bill in 1887. It was criticized as the "Billion Dollar Congress'" for its lavish spending and, for this reason, it incited drastic reversals in public support that led to Cleveland's reelection in 1892. Other important legislation passed into law by the Congress included the McKinley tariff, authored by Representative (and future President) William McKinley; the Sherman Antitrust Act, which prohibited business combinations that restricted trade; and the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, which required the U.S. government to mint silver. The last two were concessions to Western farmer interests in exchange for support of the tariff and would become central tenets of the Populist Party later in the decade. They were authored by Senator John Sherman of Ohio.
The Fifty-first Congress was also responsible for passing the Land Revision Act of 1891, which created the national forests. Harrison authorized America's first forest reserve in Yellowstone, Wyoming, the same year.
Other bills were discussed but failed to pass, including two significant pieces of legislation focused on ensuring African Americans the right to vote. Henry Cabot Lodge of Massachusetts sponsored a so-called Force Bill that would have established federal supervision of Congressional elections so as to prevent the disfranchisement of southern blacks. Henry W. Blair of New Hampshire sponsored the Blair Education Bill, which advocated the use of federal aid for education in order to frustrate southern whites employing literacy tests to prevent blacks from registering to vote.
- July 2, 1890 - Sherman Antitrust Act, (ch. 647, 26 Stat. 209, 15 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.)
- 1890 - Sherman Silver Purchase Act (ch. 708, 26 Stat. 289)
- 1890 - McKinley tariff (ch. 1244, 26 Stat. 567)
- 1891 - Forest Reserve Act of 1891
- 1891 - Land Revision Act of 1891
[edit] Party summary
North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Washington, Idaho, and Wyoming were newly admitted to the Union and first represented as states in this Congress.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
[edit] Senate
- Democratic: 37
- Republican: 51 (majority)
TOTAL members: 88
[edit] House of Representatives
- Democratic: 152
- Republican: 179 (majority)
- Labor: 1
TOTAL members: 332
[edit] Leadership
[edit] Senate
- Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
- President pro tempore of the Senate:
- John J. Ingalls, Republican of Kansas, first elected in this Congress March 7, 1889.
- Charles F. Manderson, Republican of Nebraska, elected March 2, 1891.
[edit] House of Representatives
- Speaker of the House
- Thomas B. Reed, Republican of Maine, elected December 2, 1889.
[edit] Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
- See also: 51st United States Congress - Political Parties
- See also: 51st United States Congress - State Delegations
- See also: United States House election, 1888
[edit] Senate
At this time, Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1892; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1894; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1890.
- 2. John T. Morgan (Dem.)
- 3. James L. Pugh (Dem.)
- 3. James K. Jones (Dem.)
- 2. James H. Berry (Dem.)
- 3. Leland Stanford (Rep.)
- 1. George Hearst (Dem.) ...died in office February 28, 1891.
- 3. Henry M. Teller (Rep.)
- 2. Edward O. Wolcott (Rep.)
- 3. Orville H. Platt (Rep.)
- 1. Joseph R. Hawley (Rep.)
- 1. George Gray (Dem.)
- 2. Anthony Higgins (Rep.)
- 3. Wilkinson Call (Dem.)
- 1. Samuel Pasco (Dem.)
- 3. Joseph E. Brown (Dem.)
- 2. Alfred H. Colquitt (Dem.)
- 3. William J. McConnell (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated January 5, 1891.
- 2. George L. Shoup (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 29, 1890.
- 2. Shelby M. Cullom (Rep.)
- 3. Charles B. Farwell (Rep.)
- 3. Daniel W. Voorhees (Dem.)
- 1. David Turpie (Dem.)
- 3. William B. Allison (Rep.)
- 2. James F. Wilson (Rep.)
- 3. John J. Ingalls (Rep.)
- 2. Preston B. Plumb (Rep.)
- 2. James B. Beck (Dem.) ...died in office May 3, 1890.
- John G. Carlisle (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated May 26, 1890.
- 3. Joseph C.S. Blackburn (Dem.)
- 2. Randall L. Gibson (Dem.)
- 3. James B. Eustis (Dem.)
- 1. Eugene Hale (Rep.)
- 2. William P. Frye (Rep.)
- 1. Arthur P. Gorman (Dem.)
- 3. Ephraim K. Wilson (Dem.) ...died in office February 24, 1891.
- 1. Henry L. Dawes (Rep.)
- 2. George F. Hoar (Rep.)
- 1. Francis B. Stockbridge (Rep.)
- 2. James McMillan (Rep.)
- 1. Cushman K. Davis (Rep.)
- 2. William D. Washburn (Rep.)
- 1. James Z. George (Dem.)
- 2. Edward C. Walthall (Dem.)
- 1. Francis M. Cockrell (Dem.)
- 3. George G. Vest (Dem.)
- 1. Wilbur F. Sanders (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated April 16, 1890.
- 2. Thomas C. Power (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated April 16, 1890.
- 2. Charles F. Manderson (Rep.)
- 1. Algernon S. Paddock (Rep.)
- 3. John P. Jones (Rep.)
- 1. William M. Stewart (Rep.)
- 3. Henry W. Blair (Rep.)
- 2. Gilman Marston (Rep.) …appointed to fill vacancy, served until June 18, 1889.
- William E. Chandler (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated June 18, 1889.
- 2. John R. McPherson (Dem.)
- 1. Rufus Blodgett (Dem.)
- 3. William M. Evarts (Rep.)
- 1. Frank Hiscock (Rep.)
- 2. Matt W. Ransom (Dem.)
- 3. Zebulon B. Vance (Dem.)
- 3. Gilbert A. Pierce (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 4, 1889.
- 1. Lyman R. Casey (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 4, 1889.
- 1. John Sherman (Rep.)
- 3. Henry B. Payne (Dem.)
- 2. Joseph N. Dolph (Rep.)
- 3. John H. Mitchell (Rep.)
- 3. J. Donald Cameron (Rep.)
- 1. Matthew S. Quay (Rep.)
- 1. Nelson W. Aldrich (Rep.)
- 2. Jonathan Chace (Rep.) ...resigned April 9, 1889.
- Nathan F. Dixon, III (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
- 2. Matthew C. Butler (Dem.)
- 3. Wade Hampton, III (Dem.)
- 3. Gideon C. Moody (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
- 2. Richard F. Pettigrew (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
- 2. Isham G. Harris (Dem.)
- 1. William B. Bate (Dem.)
- 2. Richard Coke (Dem.)
- 1. John H. Reagan (Dem.)
- 1. George F. Edmunds (Rep.)
- 3. Justin S. Morrill (Rep.)
- 1. John W. Daniel (Dem.)
- 2. John S. Barbour, Jr. (Dem.)
- 1. John B. Allen (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
- 3. Watson C. Squire (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
- 2. John E. Kenna (Dem.)
- 1. Charles J. Faulkner (Dem.)
- 1. Philetus Sawyer (Rep.)
- 3. John C. Spooner (Rep.)
- 2. Joseph M. Carey (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.
- 1. Francis E. Warren (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.
[edit] House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
- 1. Richard H. Clarke (Dem.)
- 2. Hilary A. Herbert (Dem.)
- 3. William C. Oates (Dem.)
- 4. Louis W. Turpin (Dem.) ...contested election, served until June 4, 1890.
- 5. James E. Cobb (Dem.)
- 6. John H. Bankhead (Dem.)
- 7. William H. Forney (Dem.)
- 8. Joseph Wheeler (Dem.)
- 1. William H. Cate (Dem.) ...contested election, served until March 5, 1890.
- 2. Clifton R. Breckinridge (Dem.) ...contested election, served until September 5, 1890.; elected to fill resulting vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.
- 3. Thomas C. McRae (Dem.)
- 4. John H. Rogers (Dem.)
- 5. Samuel W. Peel (Dem.)
- 1. John J. De Haven (Rep.) ...resigned October 1, 1890.
- Thomas J. Geary (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 9, 1890.
- 2. Marion Biggs (Dem.)
- 3. Joseph McKenna (Rep.)
- 4. William W. Morrow (Rep.)
- 5. Thomas J. Clunie (Dem.)
- 6. William Vandever (Rep.)
- 1. William E. Simonds (Rep.)
- 2. Washington F. Willcox (Dem.)
- 3. Charles A. Russell (Rep.)
- 4. Frederick Miles (Rep.)
- 1. Robert H.M. Davidson (Dem.)
- 2. Robert Bullock (Dem.)
- 1. Rufus E. Lester (Dem.)
- 2. Henry G. Turner (Dem.)
- 3. Charles F. Crisp (Dem.)
- 4. Thomas W. Grimes (Dem.)
- 5. John D. Stewart (Dem.)
- 6. James H. Blount (Dem.)
- 7. Judson C. Clements (Dem.)
- 8. Henry H. Carlton (Dem.)
- 9. Allen D. Candler (Dem.)
- A/L. George T. Barnes (Dem.)
- A/L. Willis Sweet (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.
- 1. Abner Taylor (Rep.)
- 2. Frank Lawler (Dem.)
- 3. William E. Mason (Rep.)
- 4. George E. Adams (Rep.)
- 5. Albert J. Hopkins (Rep.)
- 6. Robert R. Hitt (Rep.)
- 7. Thomas J. Henderson (Rep.)
- 8. Charles A. Hill (Rep.)
- 9. Lewis E. Payson (Rep.)
- 10. Philip S. Post (Rep.)
- 11. William H. Gest (Rep.)
- 12. Scott Wike (Dem.)
- 13. William M. Springer (Dem.)
- 14. Jonathan H. Rowell (Rep.)
- 15. Joseph G. Cannon (Rep.)
- 16. George W. Fithian (Dem.)
- 17. Edward Lane (Dem.)
- 18. William S. Forman (Dem.)
- 19. Richard W. Townshend (Dem.) ...died March 9, 1889, before Congress assembled.
- James R. Williams (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
- 20. George W. Smith (Rep.)
- 1. William F. Parrett (Dem.)
- 2. John H. O'Neall (Dem.)
- 3. Jason B. Brown (Dem.)
- 4. William S. Holman (Dem.)
- 5. George W. Cooper (Dem.)
- 6. Thomas M. Browne (Rep.)
- 7. William D. Bynum (Dem.)
- 8. Elijah V. Brookshire (Dem.)
- 9. Joseph B. Cheadle (Rep.)
- 10. William D. Owen (Rep.)
- 11. Augustus N. Martin (Dem.)
- 12. Charles A.O. McClellan (Dem.)
- 13. Benjamin F. Shively (Dem.)
- 1. John H. Gear (Rep.)
- 2. Walter I. Hayes (Dem.)
- 3. David B. Henderson (Rep.)
- 4. Joseph H. Sweney (Rep.)
- 5. Daniel Kerr (Rep.)
- 6. John F. Lacey (Rep.)
- 7. Edwin H. Conger (Rep.) ...resigned October 24, 1890.
- Edward R. Hays (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.
- 8. James P. Flick (Rep.)
- 9. Joseph R. Reed (Rep.)
- 10. Jonathan P. Dolliver (Rep.)
- 11. Isaac S. Struble (Rep.)
- 1. Edmund N. Morrill (Rep.)
- 2. Edward H. Funston (Rep.)
- 3. Bishop W. Perkins (Rep.)
- 4. Thomas Ryan (Rep.) ...resigned April 4, 1889.
- Harrison Kelley (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
- 5. John A. Anderson (Rep.)
- 6. Erastus J. Turner (Rep.)
- 7. Samuel R. Peters (Rep.)
- 1. William J. Stone (Dem.)
- 2. William T. Ellis (Dem.)
- 3. Isaac H. Goodnight (Dem.)
- 4. Alexander B. Montgomery (Dem.)
- 5. Asher G. Caruth (Dem.)
- 6. John G. Carlisle (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated May 26, 1890.
- 7. William C.P. Breckinridge (Dem.)
- 8. James B. McCreary (Dem.)
- 9. Thomas H. Paynter (Dem.)
- 10. John H. Wilson (Rep.)
- 11. Hugh F. Finley (Rep.)
- 1. Theodore S. Wilkinson (Dem.)
- 2. Hamilton D. Coleman (Rep.)
- 3. Edward J. Gay (Dem.) ...died May 30, 1889, before Congress assembled.
- Andrew Price (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
- 4. Newton C. Blanchard (Dem.)
- 5. Charles J. Boatner (Dem.)
- 6. Samuel M. Robertson (Dem.)
- 1. Thomas B. Reed (Rep.)
- 2. Nelson J. Dingley, Jr. (Rep.)
- 3. Seth L. Milliken (Rep.)
- 4. Charles A. Boutelle (Rep.)
- 1. Charles H. Gibson (Dem.)
- 2. Herman Stump (Dem.)
- 3. Harry W. Rusk (Dem.)
- 4. Henry J. Stockbridge, Jr. (Rep.)
- 5. Barnes Compton (Dem.) …contested election, served until March 20, 1890.
- Sydney E. Mudd (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated March 20, 1890.
- 6. Louis E. McComas (Rep.)
- 1. Charles S. Randall (Rep.)
- 2. Elijah A. Morse (Rep.)
- 3. John F. Andrew (Dem.)
- 4. Joseph H. O'Neil (Dem.)
- 5. Nathaniel P. Banks (Rep.)
- 6. Henry Cabot Lodge (Rep.)
- 7. William Cogswell (Rep.)
- 8. Frederic T. Greenhalge (Rep.)
- 9. John W. Candler (Rep.)
- 10. Joseph H. Walker (Rep.)
- 11. Rodney Wallace (Rep.)
- 12. Francis W. Rockwell (Rep.)
- 1. John L. Chipman (Dem.)
- 2. Edward P. Allen (Rep.)
- 3. James O'Donnell (Rep.)
- 4. Julius C. Burrows (Rep.)
- 5. Charles E. Belknap (Rep.)
- 6. Mark S. Brewer (Rep.)
- 7. Justin R. Whiting (Dem.)
- 8. Aaron T. Bliss (Rep.)
- 9. Byron M. Cutcheon (Rep.)
- 10. Frank W. Wheeler (Rep.)
- 11. Samuel M. Stephenson (Rep.)
- 1. Mark H. Dunnell (Rep.)
- 2. John Lind (Rep.)
- 3. Darwin Hall (Rep.)
- 4. Samuel Snider (Rep.)
- 5. Solomon Comstock (Rep.)
- 1. John M. Allen (Dem.)
- 2. James B. Morgan (Dem.)
- 3. Thomas C. Catchings (Dem.)
- 4. Clarke Lewis (Dem.)
- 5. Chapman L. Anderson (Dem.)
- 6. Thomas R. Stockdale (Dem.)
- 7. Charles E. Hooker (Dem.)
- 1. William H. Hatch (Dem.)
- 2. Charles H. Mansur (Dem.)
- 3. Alexander M. Dockery (Dem.)
- 4. Robert P.C. Wilson (Dem.)
- 5. John C. Tarsney (Dem.)
- 6. John T. Heard (Dem.)
- 7. Richard H. Norton (Dem.)
- 8. Frederick G. Niedringhaus (Rep.)
- 9. Nathan Frank (Rep.)
- 10. William M. Kinsey (Rep.)
- 11. Richard P. Bland (Dem.)
- 12. William J. Stone (Dem.)
- 13. William H. Wade (Rep.)
- 14. James P. Walker (Dem.) ...died in office July 20, 1890.
- Robert H. Whitelaw (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.
- A/L. Thomas H. Carter (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
- 1. William J. Connell (Rep.)
- 2. James Laird (Rep.) ...died August 17, 1889, before Congress assembled.
- Gilbert L. Laws (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
- 3. George W.E. Dorsey (Rep.)
- 1. Alonzo Nute (Rep.)
- 2. Orren C. Moore (Rep.)
- 1. Christopher A. Bergen (Rep.)
- 2. James Buchanan (Rep.)
- 3. Jacob A. Geissenhainer (Dem.)
- 4. Samuel Fowler (Dem.)
- 5. Charles D. Beckwith (Rep.)
- 6. Herman Lehlbach (Rep.)
- 7. William McAdoo (Dem.)
- 1. James W. Covert (Dem.)
- 2. Felix Campbell (Dem.)
- 3. William C. Wallace (Rep.)
- 4. John M. Clancy (Dem.)
- 5. Thomas F. Magner (Dem.)
- 6. Frank T. Fitzgerald (Dem.) ...resigned November 4, 1889.
- Charles H. Turner (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 9, 1889.
- 7. Edward J. Dunphy (Dem.)
- 8. John H. McCarthy (Dem.) ...resigned January 14, 1891.
- 9. Samuel S. Cox (Dem.) ...died September 10, 1889, before Congress assembled.
- Amos J. Cummings (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
- 10. Francis B. Spinola (Dem.)
- 11. John Quinn (Dem.)
- 12. Roswell P. Flower (Dem.)
- 13. Ashbel P. Fitch (Dem.)
- 14. William G. Stahlnecker (Dem.)
- 15. Moses D. Stivers (Rep.)
- 16. John H. Ketcham (Rep.)
- 17. Charles J. Knapp (Rep.)
- 18. John A. Quackenbush (Rep.)
- 19. Charles Tracey (Dem.)
- 20. John Sanford (Rep.)
- 21. John H. Moffitt (Rep.)
- 22. Frederick Lansing (Rep.)
- 23. James S. Sherman (Rep.)
- 24. David Wilber (Rep.) ...died in office April 1, 1890.
- John S. Pindar (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.
- 25. James J. Belden (Rep.)
- 26. Milton De Lano (Rep.)
- 27. Newton W. Nutting (Rep.) ...died October 15, 1889, before Congress assembled.
- Sereno E. Payne (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
- 28. Thomas S. Flood (Rep.)
- 29. John Raines (Rep.)
- 30. Charles S. Baker (Rep.)
- 31. John G. Sawyer (Rep.)
- 32. John M. Farquhar (Rep.)
- 33. John M. Wiley (Dem.)
- 34. William G. Laidlaw (Rep.)
- 1. Thomas G. Skinner (Dem.)
- 2. Henry P. Cheatham (Rep.)
- 3. Charles W. McClammy (Dem.)
- 4. Benjamin H. Bunn (Dem.)
- 5. John M. Brower (Rep.)
- 6. Alfred Rowland (Dem.)
- 7. John S. Henderson (Dem.)
- 8. William H.H. Cowles (Dem.)
- 9. Hamilton G. Ewart (Rep.)
- A/L. Henry C. Hansbrough (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
- 1. Benjamin Butterworth (Rep.)
- 2. John A. Caldwell (Rep.)
- 3. Elihu S. Williams (Rep.)
- 4. Samuel S. Yoder (Dem.)
- 5. George E. Seney (Dem.)
- 6. Melvin M. Boothman (Rep.)
- 7. Henry L. Morey (Rep.)
- 8. Robert P. Kennedy (Rep.)
- 9. William C. Cooper (Rep.)
- 10. William E. Haynes (Dem.)
- 11. Albert C. Thompson (Rep.)
- 12. Jacob J. Pugsley (Rep.)
- 13. Joseph H. Outhwaite (Dem.)
- 14. Charles P. Wickham (Rep.)
- 15. Charles H. Grosvenor (Rep.)
- 16. James W. Owens (Dem.)
- 17. Joseph D. Taylor (Rep.)
- 18. William McKinley, Jr. (Rep.)
- 19. Ezra B. Taylor (Rep.)
- 20. Martin L. Smyser (Rep.)
- 21. Theodore E. Burton (Rep.)
- 1. Henry H. Bingham (Rep.)
- 2. Charles O'Neill (Rep.)
- 3. Samuel J. Randall (Dem.) ...died in office April 13, 1890.
- Richard Vaux (Dem.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated May 28, 1890.
- 4. William D. Kelley (Rep.) ...died in office January 9, 1890.
- John E. Reyburn (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated February 24, 1890.
- 5. Alfred C. Harmer (Rep.)
- 6. Smedley Darlington (Rep.)
- 7. Robert M. Yardley (Rep.)
- 8. William Mutchler (Dem.)
- 9. David B. Brunner (Dem.)
- 10. Marriott Brosius (Rep.)
- 11. Joseph A. Scranton (Rep.)
- 12. Edwin S. Osborne (Rep.)
- 13. James B. Reilly (Dem.)
- 14. John W. Rife (Rep.)
- 15. Myron B. Wright (Rep.)
- 16. Henry C. McCormick (Rep.)
- 17. Charles R. Buckalew (Dem.)
- 18. Louis E. Atkinson (Rep.)
- 19. Levi Maish (Dem.)
- 20. Edward Scull (Rep.)
- 21. Samuel A. Craig (Rep.)
- 22. John Dalzell (Rep.)
- 23. Thomas M. Bayne (Rep.)
- 24. Joseph W. Ray (Rep.)
- 25. Charles C. Townsend (Rep.)
- 26. William C. Culbertson (Rep.)
- 27. Lewis F. Watson (Rep.) ...died in office August 25, 1890.
- Charles W. Stone (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.
- 28. James Kerr (Dem.)
- 1. Henry J. Spooner (Rep.)
- 2. Warren O. Arnold (Rep.)
- 1. Samuel Dibble (Dem.)
- 2. George D. Tillman (Dem.)
- 3. James S. Cothran (Dem.)
- 4. William H. Perry (Dem.)
- 5. John J. Hemphill (Dem.)
- 6. George W. Dargan (Dem.)
- 7. William Elliott (Dem.) …contested election, served until September 23, 1890.
- Thomas E. Miller (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated September 24, 1890.
- 1. Oscar S. Gifford (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
- 2. John A. Pickler (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
- 1. Alfred A. Taylor (Rep.)
- 2. Leonidas C. Houk (Rep.)
- 3. Henry C. Evans (Rep.)
- 4. Benton McMillin (Dem.)
- 5. James D. Richardson (Dem.)
- 6. Joseph E. Washington (Dem.)
- 7. Washington C. Whitthorne (Dem.)
- 8. Benjamin A. Enloe (Dem.)
- 9. Rice A. Pierce (Dem.)
- 10. James Phelan (Dem.) ...died in office January 30, 1891.
- 1. Charles Stewart (Dem.)
- 2. William H. Martin (Dem.)
- 3. Constantine B. Kilgore (Dem.)
- 4. David B. Culberson (Dem.)
- 5. Silas Hare (Dem.)
- 6. Joseph Abbott (Dem.)
- 7. William H. Crain (Dem.)
- 8. Littleton W. Moore (Dem.)
- 9. Roger Q. Mills (Dem.)
- 10. Joseph D. Sayers (Dem.)
- 11. Samuel W.T. Lanham (Dem.)
- 1. John W. Stewart (Rep.)
- 2. William W. Grout (Rep.)
- 1. Thomas H.B. Browne (Rep.)
- 2. George E. Bowden (Rep.)
- 3. George D. Wise (Dem.) ...contested election, served until April 10, 1890.
- 4. Edward C. Venable (Dem.) …contested election, served until September 23, 1890.
- John M. Langston (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated September 23, 1890.
- 5. Posey G. Lester (Dem.)
- 6. Paul C. Edmunds (Dem.)
- 7. Charles T. O'Ferrall (Dem.)
- 8. William H.F. Lee (Dem.)
- 9. John A. Buchanan (Dem.)
- 10. Henry S. Tucker (Dem.)
- A/L. John L. Wilson (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
- 1. John O. Pendleton (Dem.) …contested election, served until February 26, 1890.
- George W. Atkinson (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated February 26, 1890.
- 2. William L. Wilson (Dem.)
- 3. John D. Alderson (Dem.)
- 4. James M. Jackson (Dem.) …contested election, served until February 3, 1890.
- Charles B. Smith (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated February 3, 1890.
- 1. Lucien B. Caswell (Rep.)
- 2. Charles Barwig (Dem.)
- 3. Robert M. La Follette, Jr. (Rep.)
- 4. Isaac W. Van Schaick (Rep.)
- 5. George H. Brickner (Dem.)
- 6. Charles B. Clark (Rep.)
- 7. Ormsby B. Thomas (Rep.)
- 8. Nils P. Haugen (Rep.)
- 9. Myron H. McCord (Rep.)
- A/L. Clarence D. Clark (Rep.) ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.
[edit] Delegates
- Arizona Territory
- A/L. George A. Mathews (Rep.) ...admitted as a two states November 2, 1889.
- Idaho Territory
- A/L. Fred T. Dubois (Rep.) ...admitted as a state July 3, 1889.
- Montana Territory
- A/L. Thomas H. Carter (Rep.) ...admitted as a state November 8, 1889.
- New Mexico Territory
- Oklahoma Territory
- A/L. David A. Harvey (Rep.) ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.
- Utah Territory
- Washington Territory
- A/L. John B. Allen (Rep.) ...admitted as a state November 11, 1889.
- Wyoming Territory
- A/L. Joseph M. Carey (Rep.) ...admitted as a state July 10, 1890.
[edit] Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
- See also: 51st United States Congress - Membership Changes
[edit] Senate
- replacements: 3
- Democratic: no net change
- Republican: no net change
- Liberal Republican: 1 seat net loss
- deaths:
- resignations:
- vacancy:
- Total seats with changes:
[edit] House of Representatives
- replacements: 16
- Democratic: 2 seat net gain
- Republican: 2 seat net loss
- deaths:
- resignations:
- contested election:
- Total seats with changes:
[edit] Officers
[edit] Senate
- Secretary of the Senate:
- Anson G. McCook of New York, elected December 18, 1883
- Sergeant at Arms of the Senate:
- William P. Canady of North Carolina, elected December 18, 1883
- Edward K. Valentine of Nebraska, elected June 30, 1890
- Chaplain of the Senate
[edit] House of Representatives
- Clerk of the House:
- Edward McPherson of Pennsylvania, elected December 2, 1889
- Sergeant at Arms of the House:
- Adoniram J. Holmes of Iowa, elected December 2, 1889
- Doorkeeper of the House:
- Charles E. Adams of Maryland, elected December 2, 1889
- Postmaster of the House:
- James L. Wheat of Wisconsin, elected December 2, 1889, resigned October 1, 1890
- James W. Hathaway of Montana, elected December 15, 1890
- Clerk at the Speaker’s Table:
- Nathaniel T. Crutchfield
- Edward F. Goodwin
- Chaplain of the House
- The Rev. William H. Milburn Methodist, elected December 2, 1889
[edit] Other
- Architect of the Capitol:
- Edward Clark, appointed August 30, 1865
[edit] Notes
[edit] References
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
[edit] External links
- Statutes at Large, 1789-1875 [1]
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress [2]
- U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History [3]
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists [4]
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