* (haplogroup)

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In human genetics, mtDNA haplogroups and Y-DNA haplogroups are designated by letters of the alphabet. When a person takes a genealogical DNA test, the presence of an asterisk (*) in their test result indicates that they are a member of a particular haplogroup, but not of a known subclade (subdivision). Specifically, they do not possess any of the mutations that would place him/her in one of the known "downstream" subclades.

For example, a member of the Y-DNA Haplogroup R may belong to the sub-haplogroup R1 (defined by marker M173) or R2 (defined by marker M124). Individuals with neither of these mutations are categorised as belonging to group R*.

Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

mt-most recent common ancestor

L0

L1

L2

L3

M

N

M1

CZ

D

E

G

Q

A

I

W

X

R

N1

N2

Y

C

Z

B

F

JT

P

U

J

T

K

pre-HV

HV

H

V

Human Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) haplogroups

Y-most recent common ancestor

|

A

|

B

|

C

DE

F

D

E

G

H

IJ

K

I

J

L

M

NO

P

N

O

Q

R