1st United States Congress - Membership Changes
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The First United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met at Federal Hall, 26 Wall Street in New York New York and later at Congress Hall in Philadelphia Pennsylvania from March 4, 1789 to March 3, 1791, during the first two years of the first administration of U.S. President George Washington.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the provisions of the United States Constitution. Both chambers had a Pro-Administration majority.
- Main article: 1st United States Congress
- See also: 1st United States Congress - Political Parties
- See also: 1st United States Congress - State Delegations
- See also: United States House election, 1789
[edit] Dates of sessions
- First session: March 4, 1789 - September 29, 1789 New York, New York
- Second session: January 4, 1790 - August 12, 1790 New York, New York
- Third session: December 6, 1790 - March 3, 1791 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania — a lame duck session
Previous congress: Confederation Congress
Next congress: 2nd Congress
[edit] Membership changes
There were no political parties in this Congress. Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest, based on an analysis of their voting record. [1]
New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island, were the last states to ratify the U.S. Constitution, and because of their late ratification, were unable to send full representation at the beginning of this Congress. Five Senators and nine Representatives were subsequently seated from these states during the sessions as noted.
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[edit] Senate
| State | Outgoing senator | Reason for change | Successor | Successor's selection | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Jersey class 2 |
William Paterson Pro-Adm. |
Resignation. Senator William Paterson resigned on November 13, 1790, having been elected Governor of New Jersey. |
Philemon Dickinson Pro-Adm. |
elected November 13, 1790 |
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| New York class 3 |
new seat | Ratification. New York ratified the constitution on July 26, 1788. |
Rufus King Pro-Adm. |
elected July 16, 1789 |
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| North Carolina class 3 |
new seat | Ratification. North Carolina ratified the constitution on November 21, 1789. |
Benjamin Hawkins Pro-Adm. |
elected November 27, 1789 |
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| North Carolina class 2 |
new seat | Ratification. North Carolina ratified the constitution on November 21, 1789. |
Samuel Johnston Pro-Adm. |
elected November 27, 1789 |
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| Rhode Island class 1 |
new seat | Ratification. Rhode Island ratified the constitution on May 29, 1790. |
Theodore Foster Pro-Adm. |
elected June 7, 1790 |
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| Rhode Island class 2 |
new seat | Ratification. Rhode Island ratified the constitution on May 29, 1790. |
Joseph Stanton, Jr. Anti-Adm. |
elected June 7, 1790 |
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| Virginia class 1 |
William Grayson Anti-Adm. |
Death. Senator William Grayson died on March 12, 1790. |
John Walker Pro-Adm. |
appointed March 31, 1790 |
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| Virginia class 1 |
John Walker Pro-Adm. |
Interim appointment. James Monroe was elected to the seat of Senator William Grayson. |
James Monroe Anti-Adm. |
elected November 9, 1790 |
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[edit] House of Representatives
| District | Outgoing representative | Reason for change | Successor | Successor's selection | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts 5th |
George Partridge Pro-Adm. |
Resignation. Representative George Partridge resigned August 14, 1790. |
vacant | not filled in this Congress | ||
| New York 4th |
new seat | Ratification. New York ratified the constitution on July 26, 1788. |
John Hathorn Anti-Adm. |
seated April 23, 1789 |
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| New York 5th |
new seat | Ratification. New York ratified the constitution on July 26, 1788. |
Peter Silvester Pro-Adm. |
seated April 22, 1789 |
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| New York 6th |
new seat | Ratification. New York ratified the constitution on July 26, 1788. |
Jeremiah Van Rensselaer Anti-Adm. |
seated May 9, 1789 |
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| North Carolina 1st |
new seat | Ratification. North Carolina ratified the constitution on November 21, 1789. |
John Baptista Ashe Anti-Adm. |
seated March 24, 1790 |
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| North Carolina 2nd |
new seat | Ratification. North Carolina ratified the constitution on November 21, 1789. |
Hugh Williamson Anti-Adm. |
seated March 19, 1790 |
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| North Carolina 3rd |
new seat | Ratification. North Carolina ratified the constitution on November 21, 1789. |
Timothy Bloodworth Anti-Adm. |
seated April 6, 1790 |
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| North Carolina 4th |
new seat | Ratification. North Carolina ratified the constitution on November 21, 1789. |
John Steele Pro-Adm. |
seated April 19, 1790 |
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| North Carolina 5th |
new seat | Ratification. North Carolina ratified the constitution on November 21, 1789. |
John Sevier Pro-Adm. |
seated June 16, 1790 |
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| Rhode Island at-large |
new seat | Ratification. Rhode Island ratified the constitution on May 29, 1790. |
Benjamin Bourne Pro-Adm. |
seated December 17, 1790 |
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| Virginia 9th |
Theodorick Bland Anti-Adm. |
Death. Representative Theodorick Bland died on June 1, 1790. |
William B. Giles Anti-Adm. |
seated December 7, 1790 |
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[edit] Notes
- ^ Martis, Kenneth C.. The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress.
- ^ This seat was returned to the Anti-Administration faction in the third session.
[edit] References
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
[edit] External links
- 1st Federal Congress Project [1]
- Statutes at Large, 1789-1875 [2]
- Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress [3]
- House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress [4]
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress [5]
- U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History [6]
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists [7]
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