Zingst

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Zingst Peninsula is the easternmost portion of the three-part Fischland-Darß-Zingst Peninsula, located in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany between the cities Rostock and Stralsund on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea. The area is part of the Pomeranian coast. Zingst Peninsula extends eastward nearly 20 kilometres and has a width of just 2 to 4 kilometres.

Zingst serparates the Baltic Sea from the Bodden Inlet, which belongs to the Darß-Zingster-Boddenkette (Darß-Zingst Bodden Chain), a large or estuary [1]. The shallow waters of the inlet are a major rest stop for the migratory European cranes. In spring and fall, up to 3,000 birds gather there before their migration to and from Spain [2] [3]. Most of the estuary and the eastern end of the peninsula are part of the National Park Vorpommersche Boddenlandschaft (Western Pomerania Lagoon Area National Park).

Until the early 1870's, Zingst was an island, separated from Darß by the Prerowstrom, a narrow strait. A storm tide in 1874 closed the strait, which had connected Bodden Inlet and the Baltic Sea. A road now connects Zingst and Darß on a 100 metre wide land bridge.

The soils of Zingst consist almost entirely of sand. The sand is white in colour which makes it popular with sunbathers and tourists. Dunes border the Baltic Sea and enclose low ground about half a metre below sea level. The low land results in swampy conditions in the interior of the peninsula, and these swamps offer habitat to a wide variety of wilfdlife[4]. There are also ruins of a slawischen castle barrier, the Hertesburg are on Zingster side.

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[edit] Settlement

East of the Prerowstrom, surrounded by countryside and the Freesenbruchs, is the town of Bath (population 8,000), which was created by the unification of the settlements of Pahlen, Hanshagen and Rothem ho. Hanshagen and Pahlen date from the 13th Century.

The nearby town of Zingst has a population of about 3,200.

[edit] Rocket Experiments

During the Cold War, when the area was part of East Germany, the eastern part of the peninsula was a restricted military area, used for meteorological rocket experiments. Various experiments were conducted between 1970 and 1992 in an area known as Sundi Meadows. There were 5 launches of the Polish rocket "Meteor 1E" in the early 1970's. On October 21, 1988 launches of Russian of the "MMR06-M" type rockets began. The restricted area measured just 23.6 kilometres by 25.5 kilometers. As the rockets reached heights up to 80 kilometres, the launch angle of the unguided rockets had to be determined with an accuracy of 2 degrees in order to prevent an impact outside of the restricted area.

The first launches of MMR06-M rockets were not successful due to various technical difficulties. The first successful launch with a meteorological payload occurred on April 12, 1989. Additional launches continued for a short time after the fall of the Berlin Wall and German reunification (October 3, 1990). They were finally ended on December 19, 1990 for safety and technological reasons.

Neveretheless, between February 14, 1992 and April 10, 1992 a total of 19 Russian rockets of the MMR06-M type were launched at Zingst, of which 6 were successful. Although further rockets were still available for testing, the launches of MMR06-M rockets in Zingst were stopped in April 1992 because of the removal of German Federal Armed Forces from the place.

[edit] List of Launches

Date Time (UTC + 1h) Rocket type Mission Maximum altitude Duration of transmission Results
October 21, 1988 14:35 MMR06-M Experimental  ? 8s EF
November 1, 1988 14:01 MMR06-M Experimental 67 km 360s/570s EF
November 4, 1988 14:20 MMR06-M Experimental 43 km 250s EF
November 8, 1988 14:11 MMR06-M Experimental 78 km 637s EF
November 22, 1988 14:20 MMR06-M Experimental 53 km 590s EF
November 23, 1988 14:00 MMR06-M Experimental 76 km 658s EF
April 7, 1989 13:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 72 km 620s EF
April 14, 1989 13:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 76 km 4420s PS
April 26, 1989 13:40 MMR06-M Meteorology 75 km 4319s PS
May 10, 1989 13:10 MMR06-M Meteorology 74 km 4210s S
May 24, 1989 13:10 MMR06-M Meteorology 55 km 3299s PS
June 21, 1989 13:30 MMR06-M Meteorology 77 km 678s PS
September 6, 1989 13:38 MMR06-M Meteorology 74 km 3778s S
October 10, 1989 14:10 MMR06-M Meteorology 74 km 3780s S
October 18, 1989 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 74 km 2489s PS
November 1, 1989 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 35 km 480s EF
November 8, 1989 14:10 MMR06-M Meteorology 73 km 620s EF
December 8, 1989 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 75 km 3223s S
December 20, 1989 14:40 MMR06-M Meteorology 78 km 2205s S
January 10, 1990 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 75 km 3467s S
January 19, 1990 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 55 km 514s EF
February 14, 1990 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 79 km 2437s PS
March 21, 1990 14:20 MMR06-M Meteorology 65 km 2655s PS
March 28, 1990 15:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 74 km 4296s S
May 9, 1990 13:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 74 km 4061s PS
May 11, 1990 13:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 74 km 4467s S
May 30, 1990 13:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 74 km 4271s S
June 8, 1990 13:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 66 km 3242s S
June 13, 1990 13:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 76 km 3826s S
June 20, 1990 13:10 MMR06-M Meteorology 77 km 4292s S
September 12, 1990 13:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 77 km 1260s PS
September 26, 1990 13:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 79 km 4010s PS
October 5, 1990 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 38 km 530s EF
October 12, 1990 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 53 km 0s EF
October 17, 1990 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 77 km 1790s PS
October 17, 1990 14:40 MMR06-M Meteorology 80 km 1136s PS
November 2, 1990 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 42 km 592s EF
November 2, 1990 14:40 MMR06-M Meteorology 74 km 256s EF
November 23, 1990 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 68 km 2199s S
December 5, 1990 14:30 MMR06-M Meteorology 75 km 605s EF
December 14, 1990 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 72 km 1900s PS
December 19, 1990 14:00 MMR06-M Meteorology 66 km 600s EF
December 19, 1990 14:30 MMR06-M Meteorology 71 km 648s EF
February 14, 1992 8:50 MMR06-M Meteorology 70 km 3729s S
February 19, 1992 8:45 MMR06-M Meteorology 73 km 3992s S
February 21, 1992 8:30 MMR06-M Meteorology 77 km 625s EF
February 26, 1992 8:30 MMR06-M Meteorology 55 km 1811s PS
February 26, 1992 9:50 MMR06-M Meteorology 54 km 3074s S
February 28, 1992 8:31 MMR06-M Meteorology 70 km 580s EF
March 6, 1992 8:32 MMR06-M Meteorology 49 km 570s EF
March 6, 1992 9:24 MMR06-M Meteorology 80 km 625s EF
March 11, 1992 8:32 MMR06-M Meteorology 76 km 559s EF
March 11, 1992 9:27 MMR06-M Meteorology 74 km 599s EF
March 20, 1992 8:40 MMR06-M Meteorology 36 km 535s EF
March 20, 1992 9:58 MMR06-M Meteorology 75 km 3993s S
March 25, 1992 8:32 MMR06-M Meteorology 51 km 1771s PS
March 25, 1992 9:25 MMR06-M Meteorology  ? 0s F
March 27, 1992 8:33 MMR06-M Meteorology 73 km 4317s S
April 1, 1992 7:33 MMR06-M Meteorology 52 km 589s EF
April 3, 1992 7:30 MMR06-M Meteorology - 258s F
April 3, 1992 8:20 MMR06-M Meteorology 75 km 595s EF
April 10, 1992 7:30 MMR06-M Meteorology 67 km 4054s S

Remarks: S = Success; PS = Partial Success; F = Failure; EF = Experiment Failure

[edit] Sources

[edit] External links

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